{"id":155666,"date":"2022-04-09T21:19:07","date_gmt":"2022-04-09T20:19:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=155666"},"modified":"2022-04-09T21:20:40","modified_gmt":"2022-04-09T20:20:40","slug":"stara-sumava-o-velikonocnich-tradicich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=155666","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: O velikono\u010dn\u00edch tradic\u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Do pestr\u00e9 mozaiky velikono\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edprav na tyto sv\u00e1tky pat\u0159\u00ed lidov\u00e9 zvyky, kter\u00e9 bychom si cht\u011bli uchovat i po dal\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9ta. Bohu\u017eel dnes tradice ustupuj\u00ed do pozad\u00ed a st\u00e1le m\u00e9n\u011b lid\u00ed si uv\u011bdomuje, pro\u010d se Velikonoce v\u016fbec slav\u00ed. Mnoho zvyk\u016f se v\u0161ak zachovalo jen na vesnic\u00edch nebo je u\u017e nem\u00e1me v pov\u011bdom\u00ed v\u016fbec. Je jich v\u00edce ne\u017e o V\u00e1noc\u00edch.<\/h6>\n

Budeme si je ka\u017ed\u00fd den trochu p\u0159ibli\u017eovat a\u017e do Velikonoc. Bohat\u00e9 velikono\u010dn\u00ed tradice, v nich\u017e se m\u00eds\u00ed star\u00e9 pohansk\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly s k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdmi sv\u00e1tky Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ova uk\u0159i\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed, se v\u011bt\u0161inov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti pomalu scvrk\u00e1vaj\u00ed na vaj\u00ed\u010dka a poml\u00e1zku. Zat\u00edmco o V\u00e1noc\u00edch ze sebe chrl\u00edme jednu koledu za druhou, o Velikonoc\u00edch si vzpomeneme jen na Hody, hody doprovody”. N\u00e1\u0161 \u017eivotn\u00ed rytmus se od kolob\u011bhu p\u0159\u00edrody velmi vzd\u00e1lil. V\u00e1noce jsou p\u0159ece jen komer\u010dn\u011b v\u00edce zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny a propagov\u00e1ny, a velikono\u010dn\u00ed zvyky pomalu a jist\u011b miz\u00ed, zat\u00edmco ty v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed se st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b dr\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Velikonoce jsou hlavn\u011b sv\u00e1tky jara. V p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 dob\u011b, kdy byl lid zcela odk\u00e1z\u00e1n, a proto i \u00fazce spjat s p\u0159\u00edrodou, bylo toto obdob\u00ed vn\u00edm\u00e1no za po\u010d\u00e1tek roku. Odch\u00e1z\u00ed star\u00e9, probouz\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edroda, rod\u00ed se ml\u00e1\u010fata, za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 nov\u00fd kolob\u011bh \u017eivota. K\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 jasn\u011b v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee toto obdob\u00ed nelze ze srdc\u00ed pohan\u016f zcela vym\u00fdtit. Proto i nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sv\u00e1tky c\u00edrkevn\u00ed jsou pr\u00e1v\u011b v tomto obdob\u00ed. p\u016fvodn\u00ed pohansk\u00e9 sv\u00e1tky byly velmi bujar\u00e9, ohniv\u00e9 a vesel\u00e9, oproti tomu sv\u00e1tky c\u00edrkevn\u00ed maj\u00ed v sob\u011b \u010dty\u0159icet dn\u00ed postu, kdy o\u010di\u0161\u0165ujeme t\u011blo i du\u0161i a je to naopak obdob\u00ed klidu a ticha. Nesm\u011bly se konat tane\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1bavy, b\u011bhem pr\u00e1ce lid musel nahradit sv\u011btsk\u00e9 p\u00edsn\u011b p\u00edsn\u011bmi postn\u00edmi.<\/p>\n

Mnoho zvyk\u016f p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161e pohansk\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly. Nap\u0159\u00edklad vyn\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed smrti, p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed l\u00edta, poml\u00e1zka \u2013 v\u0161echny tyto zvyky jsou zalo\u017eeny na kontaktn\u00ed magii, kdy slam\u011bn\u00e1 postava m\u00e1 na sebe nav\u00e1zat a ze staven\u00ed b\u011bhem obch\u016fzky odn\u00e9st zl\u00e9 duchy a smrt. L\u00edto, \u010derstv\u011b zazelenal\u00e1 v\u011btvi\u010dka, p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed do staven\u00ed \u017eivot. Poml\u00e1zka m\u00e1 na \u017eeny p\u0159en\u00e9st vlastnosti \u017eiv\u00e9ho ohebn\u00e9ho prout\u00ed, kter\u00fdm je pr\u00e1v\u011b vypl\u00e1c\u00edme. Na Bo\u017e\u00ed hod velikono\u010dn\u00ed se v noci v kruhu obch\u00e1zelo pole, \u0161lo o ochranu objet\u00edm, uzav\u0159en\u00ed prostoru kruhem. Do roh\u016f pole se um\u00edstily k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee a b\u011bhem toho prob\u00edhaly tich\u00e9 modlitby. Tohoto se \u00fa\u010dastnil \u010dasto i s\u00e1m far\u00e1\u0159. Noc, kruh, k\u0159\u00ed\u017e \u2013 zrovna v tomto okam\u017eiku se v\u0161e tak propl\u00e9t\u00e1, \u017ee se ned\u00e1 \u0159\u00edci, kde kon\u010d\u00ed pohansk\u00fd ritu\u00e1l a kde za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fd ob\u0159ad.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem je sv\u011bcen\u00ed ohn\u011b p\u0159ed kostelem na nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ob\u0159ad oslav vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista o Velk\u00e9 noci. Tato oslava p\u016fvodn\u011b trvala celou noc a kon\u010dila spole\u010dn\u00fdm stolov\u00e1n\u00edm za rozb\u0159esku. Je dolo\u017eena u\u017e od 8. stolet\u00ed, kdy m\u011bla potla\u010dit ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00e1len\u00ed pohansk\u00fdch oh\u0148\u016f v obdob\u00ed p\u0159elomu zimy a jara. Velikono\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh se tak\u00e9 mnohem h\u016f\u0159e vypr\u00e1v\u00ed d\u011btem. O\u010d jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed je vypr\u00e1v\u011bt jako p\u011bknou poh\u00e1dku, jak se Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ek narodil v jesli\u010dk\u00e1ch na sen\u011b a d\u00fdchal na n\u011bj osl\u00edk, ne\u017e jak zl\u00ed p\u00e1nov\u00e9 p\u0159ibili Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e h\u0159eby na k\u0159\u00ed\u017e a uk\u0159i\u017eovali\u2026<\/p>\n

V obdob\u00ed postn\u00edm se opravdu vym\u011bnily p\u00edsn\u011b sv\u011btsk\u00e9 za duchovn\u00ed a postn\u00ed. Dodnes jich je ve zp\u011bvn\u00edc\u00edch k nalezen\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed. \u0158\u00edkadel je nep\u0159ebern\u011b. Nap\u0159\u00edklad zvyk hon\u011bn\u00ed Jid\u00e1\u0161e. Klukovsk\u00e1 obch\u016fzka vs\u00ed v pa\u0161ijov\u00e9m t\u00fddnu nahrazovala zvony, je\u017e odlet\u011bly do \u0158\u00edma, aby neru\u0161ily duchy zem\u0159el\u00fdch, kte\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1s p\u0159i\u0161li nav\u0161t\u00edvit. D\u011bti p\u0159itom zp\u00edvaly pop\u011bvky, kter\u00e9 vypr\u00e1v\u00ed o Jid\u00e1\u0161ov\u011b zrad\u011b velmi barvit\u011b. A velikono\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh? Zrada i utrpen\u00ed jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Tenkr\u00e1t si to v\u0161ichni uv\u011bdomovali v\u00edce. Je zn\u00e1m\u00e9, \u017ee plnoletosti se do\u017eilo tak 60 % narozen\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed\u2026<\/p>\n

Proto snad lid\u00e9 v\u00edce vn\u00edmali onen za\u010d\u00e1tek nov\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Zat\u00edmco V\u00e1noce p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed narozen\u00ed pro \u017eivot pozemsk\u00fd, Velikonoce znovuzrozen\u00ed k \u017eivotu nebesk\u00e9mu. I toto jsou oslavy \u017eivota. Proto mnoh\u00e9 z velikono\u010dn\u00edch zvyk\u016f upadaj\u00ed do zapomn\u011bn\u00ed. N\u00e1\u0161 \u017eivotn\u00ed rytmus se od kolob\u011bhu p\u0159\u00edrody velmi vzd\u00e1lil. Zda to je, \u010di nen\u00ed dob\u0159e, n\u00e1s jist\u011b pou\u010d\u00ed \u010das. V\u00e1noce jsou p\u0159ece jen komer\u010dn\u011b v\u00edce zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny a propagov\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong>\u00a0Jaro je spravedlnost \u0160t\u011bp\u00e1n F.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

(Z cyklu Star\u00e1 \u0160umava)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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