{"id":155638,"date":"2025-03-20T19:13:21","date_gmt":"2025-03-20T18:13:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=155638"},"modified":"2025-03-20T19:13:21","modified_gmt":"2025-03-20T18:13:21","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-treti-postni-nedele","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=155638","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: T\u0159et\u00ed postn\u00ed ned\u011ble"},"content":{"rendered":"

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T\u0159et\u00ed ned\u011ble postn\u00ed se to\u010d\u00ed kolem zdrav\u00ed; \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 se j\u00ed Oculi. Liturgicky je t\u0159et\u00ed postn\u00ed ned\u011ble, podobn\u011b jako \u010dtvrt\u00e1 a p\u00e1t\u00e1, zasv\u011bcena p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b na slaven\u00ed velikono\u010dn\u00edho tajemstv\u00ed \u201ezvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00edm k\u0159tu nebo p\u0159\u00edpravou na jeho p\u0159ijet\u00ed\u201c. V \u010cesk\u00fdch zem\u00edch se t\u0159et\u00ed postn\u00ed ned\u011bli p\u0159ezd\u00edvalo K\u00fdchavn\u00e1.<\/h6>\n

N\u00e1zory na vznik tohoto n\u00e1zvu se r\u016fzn\u00ed. Podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch tou dobou d\u011bti na vesnic\u00edch, p\u0159esto\u017ee byla je\u0161t\u011b zima, chod\u00edvaly bos\u00e9. Nebyla nouze o nachlazen\u00ed a k\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed. Druh\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed n\u00e1zvu K\u00fdchavn\u00e9 ned\u011ble souvis\u00ed s nemoc\u00ed mnohem z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e jakou je jarn\u00ed prochladnut\u00ed. V 1. a 2. knize Samuelov\u011b je ve Star\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u011b popisov\u00e1n mor, kter\u00fd je vykl\u00e1d\u00e1n jako Bo\u017e\u00ed trest a stra\u0161liv\u00e1 hrozba Bo\u017e\u00ed. <\/span><\/p>\n

V k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b mor za trest Bo\u017e\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u011b ozna\u010dil pape\u017e \u0158eho\u0159 I. Velik\u00fd (asi 540\u2013604), kdy\u017e b\u011bhem jeho pontifik\u00e1tu vypukla morov\u00e1 n\u00e1kaza: \u201ev \u0158\u00edm\u011b v n\u00e1hl\u00e9m moru l\u00e9ta 590, kde\u017eto \u010dlov\u011bk jak \u00fasta z\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm otev\u0159el aneb kejchl, n\u00e1hlou smrt\u00ed um\u0159el.\u201c Pape\u017e proti \u201emoru jako trestu Bo\u017e\u00edmu\u201c opakovan\u011b na\u0159izoval modlitby a sedmidenn\u00ed proces\u00ed a t\u00e9\u017e, \u201eaby se \u010dlov\u011bku kejchaj\u00edc\u00edmu dalo pozdraven\u00ed: \u201aPozdrav aneb pomoz P\u00e1n B\u016fh.\u2018\u201c Dal
\nt\u00edm pr\u00fd vzniknout nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9mu pozdravu. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eZvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed mor\u201c, jen\u017e s sebou nesl prudk\u00fd ka\u0161el kon\u010d\u00edc\u00ed chrlen\u00edm krve a projevuj\u00edc\u00ed se k\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00edm, byl pops\u00e1n v jedn\u00e9 z kronik ze 16. stolet\u00ed. Nemoc st\u00e1la \u017eivot mnoho lid\u00ed a odezn\u011bla snad po m\u0161i slou\u017een\u00e9 o t\u0159et\u00ed postn\u00ed ned\u011bli. Na pam\u00e1tku z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1chrany \u017eivota pojmenovali v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed t\u0159et\u00ed postn\u00ed ned\u011bli \u201ened\u011bl\u00ed K\u00fdchavnou\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ke t\u0159et\u00ed postn\u00ed ned\u011bli se poj\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed pov\u011br o zdrav\u00ed a d\u00e9lce \u017eivota. Podle jedn\u00e9 z nich \u201ekolikr\u00e1t kdo o tomto dni k\u00fdchne, tolik let \u017eivota mu zb\u00fdv\u00e1\u201c. Ten, komu se o t\u0159et\u00ed postn\u00ed ned\u011bli po\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed k\u00fdchnout rychle t\u0159ikr\u00e1t za sebou, bude po cel\u00fd rok zdrav\u00fd jako rybi\u010dka. Kdy\u017e v 18. stolet\u00ed za\u010dala m\u00f3da \u0161\u0148upat tab\u00e1k, mnoz\u00ed si za\u010dali pom\u00e1hat ke k\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed dob\u0159e m\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdm \u0161\u0148upe\u010dkem. Proto\u017ee se tato ne\u0159est rychle \u0161\u00ed\u0159ila nejen mezi prost\u00fdm lidem, ale i mezi slu\u017eebn\u00edky Bo\u017e\u00edmi, byly na \u0161\u0148up\u00e1n\u00ed vyd\u00e1v\u00e1ny nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed c\u00edrkevn\u00ed z\u00e1kazy a \u0161\u0148up\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011bhem m\u0161e se trestalo pokutami. Tehdy se v n\u011bkter\u00fdch zem\u00edch rozmohl zvyk obdarov\u00e1vat se navz\u00e1jem mal\u00fdmi tabat\u011brkami na \u0161\u0148upac\u00ed tab\u00e1k a nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi kapesn\u00ed\u010dky pro \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Ve v\u00fdchodn\u00edch k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch c\u00edrkv\u00edch se o t\u0159et\u00ed postn\u00ed ned\u011bli kon\u00e1 slavnost Uct\u011bn\u00ed svat\u00e9ho K\u0159\u00ed\u017ee, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e se v pr\u016fvodu nese k\u0159\u00ed\u017e a obrazy svat\u00fdch.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\nZdroj:<\/strong> Liturgick\u00fd rok na \u010desk\u00fdch a moravsk\u00fdch k\u016frech<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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