{"id":152816,"date":"2023-02-12T20:27:38","date_gmt":"2023-02-12T19:27:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=152816"},"modified":"2023-02-12T20:27:38","modified_gmt":"2023-02-12T19:27:38","slug":"stara-sumava-svatek-svateho-valentyna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=152816","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Sv\u00e1tek svat\u00e9ho Valent\u00fdna"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Jedni ho miluj\u00ed, druz\u00ed nen\u00e1vid\u00ed. Sv\u00e1tek sv. Valent\u00fdna ud\u011bl\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd rok velk\u00fd rozruch. Ke svat\u00e9mu Valent\u00fdnu se vztahuje i jedna pov\u011bra, toti\u017e \u017ee kdy\u017e si d\u00edvka vezme za man\u017eela chlapce, kter\u00e9ho 14. \u00fanora spat\u0159\u00ed jako prvn\u00edho, tak to man\u017eelstv\u00ed bude velmi \u0161\u0165astn\u00e9. Ve skute\u010dnosti m\u00e1lokter\u00fd sv\u00e1tek m\u00e1 tak siln\u00e9 souvislosti s \u010cechy, p\u0159esn\u011bji s \u010desk\u00fdmi kr\u00e1lovnami, jako tento sv\u00e1tek zamilovan\u00fdch.<\/h6>\n

O vzniku tohoto sv\u00e1tku se t\u00e1hnout dlouh\u00e9 diskuze a teorie. Jedna tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee sv\u00e1tek sv. Valent\u00fdna se vyvinul od sv\u00e1tku Lupercalia, d\u0159\u00edve Februa (odtud February \u2013 \u00fanor), ze starov\u011bk\u00e9ho \u0158\u00edma. Tato ud\u00e1lost p\u0159ipadala pr\u00e1v\u011b na \u00fanor, v\u011bt\u0161inou okolo 14. dne tohoto m\u011bs\u00edce. Sv\u00e1tek m\u011bl m\u011bsto vy\u010distit od zl\u00fdch duch\u016f a zajistit zdrav\u00ed na dal\u0161\u00ed rok. Nev\u00ed se p\u0159esn\u011b, kdy byl nyn\u00ed ji\u017e sv. Valent\u00fdn svato\u0159e\u010den, co se v\u0161ak v\u00ed je, \u017ee v 5. stolet\u00ed byl pape\u017eem Gelasiem I. vyhl\u00e1\u0161en 14. \u00fanor jako sv\u00e1tek sv. Valent\u00fdna. Splynul tak se sv\u00e1tkem Lupercalia, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ipadaly na stejn\u00e9 datum, a vyvinul se v dne\u0161n\u00ed sv\u00e1tek zamilovan\u00fdch.<\/p>\n

U\u017e ve st\u0159edov\u011bku ale z\u00edskala postava svat\u00e9ho Valent\u00fdna jako patrona zamilovan\u00fdch popularitu. Historicky poprv\u00e9 je toti\u017e 14. \u00fanor a Valent\u00fdn\u016fv sv\u00e1tek spojov\u00e1n s romantickou l\u00e1skou ve 14. stolet\u00ed v d\u00edle Geoffreye Chaucera \u201cPta\u010d\u00ed sn\u011bm\u201d (o tom, jak si pt\u00e1ci vyb\u00edraj\u00ed sv\u00e9 partnerky). Tato b\u00e1se\u0148 byla naps\u00e1na jako pocta k zasnouben\u00ed patn\u00e1ctilet\u00e9ho anglick\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le Richarda II. s o osm m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f star\u0161\u00ed princeznou Annou \u010ceskou, dcerou Karla IV. (S\u0148atek byl uzav\u0159en 22. ledna 1383, tedy za vl\u00e1dy jej\u00edho nevlastn\u00edho bratra V\u00e1clava IV.) Chaucer p\u016fsobil u dvora Richarda II. jako diplomat.<\/p>\n

V t\u00e9to souvislosti je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee a\u010dkoliv byl s\u0148atek anglick\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le s \u010deskou \u0161lechti\u010dnou uzav\u0159en z politick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f, vzplanula pr\u00fd mezi man\u017eeli velk\u00e1 l\u00e1ska. Prvn\u00ed historicky dolo\u017eenou Valent\u00fdnku (psan\u00ed\u010dko) poslal sv\u00e9 \u017een\u011b roku 1415 mlad\u00fd francouzsk\u00fd v\u00e9voda Karel Orle\u00e1nsk\u00fd, kter\u00fd byl zajat v bitv\u011b u Agincourtu a v\u011bzn\u011bn po mnoho let v lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9m Toweru. Odtud pos\u00edlal man\u017eelce milostn\u00e9 b\u00e1sn\u011b (psan\u00e9 francouzskou lyrickou formou, takzvan\u00fdm rondelem), z nich\u017e se p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 60 zachovalo a dodnes jsou k vid\u011bn\u00ed mezi kr\u00e1lovsk\u00fdmi listinami v Britsk\u00e9m muzeu. Napsal mimo jin\u00e9: \u201eJe suis desja d\u2018amour tann\u00e9, Ma tres doulce Valentin\u00e9e\u201c (Jsem nemocn\u00fd l\u00e1skou, m\u00e1 milovan\u00e1 Valent\u00fdnko).<\/p>\n

V den sv\u00e1tku sv. Valent\u00fdna si p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me tak\u00e9 to, \u017ee na pra\u017esk\u00e9m Vy\u0161ehrad\u011b jsou ulo\u017eeny ostatky tohoto sv\u011btce. P\u0159i oprav\u00e1ch Kolegi\u00e1ln\u00ed kapituly sv. Petra a Pavla v roce 2002 byly ve star\u00e9m depozit\u00e1\u0159i nalezeny \u010dty\u0159i barokn\u00ed relikvi\u00e1\u0159e, pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za ztracen\u00e9, z nich\u017e jeden v sob\u011b skr\u00fdval cenn\u00fd poklad \u2013 skoro celou lopatkovou kost, kter\u00e1 podle odborn\u00edk\u016f pat\u0159ila tomuto mu\u010dedn\u00edkovi. Relikvi\u00e1\u0159e poch\u00e1zely z p\u016fvodn\u00ed barokn\u00ed v\u00fdzdoby kostela a byly nejsp\u00ed\u0161 odstran\u011bny p\u0159i regotizaci chr\u00e1mu v letech 1885-1903. Do \u010cech je \u00fadajn\u011b z It\u00e1lie p\u0159ivezl ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd Karel IV. Na lopatce byla restaur\u00e1tory nalezena tzv. autentika \u2013 na mal\u00e9m prou\u017eku nalepen\u00e9m na relikvii bylo uvedeno sv\u011btcovo jm\u00e9no. Vy\u0161ehradsk\u00fd ostatek pr\u00fd je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, kter\u00fd se dostal za hranice It\u00e1lie \u2013 v\u011bt\u0161inou se toti\u017e v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b relikvi\u00ed jedn\u00e1 o mali\u010dk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dky. Tuto relikvii si m\u016f\u017eete na Vy\u0161ehrad\u011b prohl\u00e9dnout \u2013 ale jen v den jeho sv\u00e1tku!<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> Ehrmann, Franti\u0161ek, Dr. – Obr\u00e1zkov\u00fd \u017eivot svat\u00fdch pro \u0161kolu a d\u016fm. Brno: Karel Aug. Seyfried a spol. ve V\u00eddni, 1899. S. 90 – 91<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Jedni <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":273080,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/12\/ram-svatek-valentyn.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/152816"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=152816"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/152816\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":273081,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/152816\/revisions\/273081"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/273080"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=152816"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=152816"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=152816"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}