![\"\"](\"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/01\/\u00daNOR-NA-\u0160UMAV\u011a-A-KOUZLO-\u010cAS\u016e-MINUL\u00ddCH.....jpg\")
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Kdo ticho miluje\u0161 a samotu<\/em> Zn\u00ed z d\u00e1lky karneval vra\u017ed, krve, um\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/em> A p\u00edse\u0148 mlad\u00fdch vod<\/em> <\/p>\n Prodlu\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed se den, honcov\u00e1n\u00ed zaj\u00edc\u016f, p\u00e1rkov\u00e1n\u00ed koroptv\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edlety prvn\u00edch st\u011bhovav\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f jsou neklamn\u00fdmi znamen\u00edmi konce zimy a p\u0159\u00edchodu nov\u00e9ho \u017eivota do p\u0159\u00edrody \u2013 jara. Pon\u011bkud tajemn\u011b na n\u00e1s m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 p\u016fsobit n\u00e1zev m\u011bs\u00edce \u00fanora, obvykle nedok\u00e1\u017eeme jeho p\u016fvod vysv\u011btlit. U\u017e od dob n\u00e1rodn\u00edho obrozen\u00ed je p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n v\u00fdklad, \u017ee jde o m\u011bs\u00edc, v n\u011bm\u017e se l\u00e1mou ledy, a s touto p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed charakteristikou souvis\u00ed i zano\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a vyno\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed rozl\u00e1man\u00fdch ledov\u00fdch ker ve vod\u011b. Jm\u00e9no \u00fanor se pak vztahuje ke slovesu no\u0159it, k jeho star\u0161\u00ed podob\u011b uno\u0159ovat, a je tedy m\u011bs\u00edcem \u201eno\u0159en\u00ed led\u016f\u201c. Sloveso v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 \u010de\u0161tin\u011b u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me ve form\u011b zano\u0159ovat nebo pono\u0159ovat se.<\/p>\n Kouzlo \u010das\u016f minul\u00fdch: Svin\u011b (vep\u0159i) opaluje ohn\u011bm aneb opa\u0159uje v\u00e1rem a \u010din\u00ed \u0161oldry, \u0161inky a slaniny\u2026 v\u0161elijak\u00e9 jelita, hrub\u00e9 jelita, krevn\u00e9 jelita, kolbasy. S\u00e1dlo a loj vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 aneb vysma\u017een\u00e9 b\u00fdv\u00e1.<\/em> (Jan Amos Komensk\u00fd, Orbis sensualium pictus)<\/p>\n \u0158eznick\u00e9 povol\u00e1n\u00ed bylo velmi v\u00e1\u017eenou \u017eivnost\u00ed. Traduje se, \u017ee prvn\u00ed masn\u00e9 kr\u00e1my vznikly u\u017e v roce 1234 za panov\u00e1n\u00ed P\u0159emysla Otakara II.. a prvn\u00ed cech \u0159eznick\u00fd byl ov\u0161em z\u0159\u00edzen roku 1359. Do historie dom\u00e1c\u00ed zabija\u010dky spad\u00e1 tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 skladba s n\u00e1zvem K\u0161aft a poru\u010denstv\u00ed Vep\u0159ka Korokota, kter\u00e1 se vztahovala k dan\u00e9mu zv\u00ed\u0159eti odsouzen\u00e9mu k por\u00e1\u017ece. Pr\u016fb\u011bh zab\u00edje\u010dky m\u00e1 prakticky po stalet\u00ed ust\u00e1len\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh. Lib\u00e1 zabija\u010dka, na\u010dechran\u00e9 koblihy a bujar\u00e9 vesel\u00ed opanovaly celou \u0160umavu. M\u011bs\u00edc \u00fanor poskytoval obdob\u00ed dostatek prostoru na uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed takov\u00e9 velk\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti, jakou byla dom\u00e1c\u00ed zabija\u010dka.<\/p>\n Zavzpom\u00ednali jsme, jak to bylo p\u0159i zabija\u010dk\u00e1ch d\u0159\u00edv, jak je tomu i dnes, kdy pln\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161 roli vesel\u00e9 kultovn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitosti. Kdo r\u00e1d zabija\u010dku se v\u0161\u00edm v\u0161udy, t\u011b\u017eko si vyb\u00edr\u00e1 tu nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed delikatesu. Milovn\u00edci zabija\u010dkov\u00e9ho menu b\u00fdvaj\u00ed opravdu renesan\u010dn\u00ed typy, kter\u00fdm chutn\u00e1 v\u0161echno. Dal\u0161\u00ed z p\u0159\u00ed\u010din v\u0161ak bylo i to, \u017ee si lid\u00e9 pot\u0159ebovali vytvo\u0159it z\u00e1soby masa a jin\u00fdch potravin,poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch ze zabija\u010dky, na dlouh\u00e9 obdob\u00ed chladn\u00fdch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, kdy j\u00eddla bylo m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e v jin\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech roku.<\/p>\n Dom\u00e1c\u00ed zabija\u010dka byla v rodin\u011b v\u017edy velk\u00e1 ud\u00e1lost, bylo to mnoho pr\u00e1ce, ale taky hodn\u011b legrace a hlavn\u011b mezilidsk\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed. Sch\u00e1zela se p\u0159i n\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed i bl\u00edzk\u00e1 rodina, p\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9 a zn\u00e1m\u00ed, aby si vz\u00e1jemn\u011b vypomohli a tak\u00e9 spole\u010dn\u011b hodovali a slavili. Soused\u00e9 si vz\u00e1jemn\u011b vypom\u00e1hali a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem si byli z\u00e1rove\u0148 i navz\u00e1jem zav\u00e1z\u00e1ni. Pot\u0159eboval-li n\u011bkdo p\u0159i zabija\u010dce pomoci, ostatn\u00ed r\u00e1di p\u0159idali ruku k d\u00edlu, nebo\u0165 v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee oni tak\u00e9 budou od nich a ostatn\u00edch soused\u016f pot\u0159ebovat pomoct, a\u017e sami budou zabija\u010dku po\u0159\u00e1dat.<\/p>\n Neodmyslitelnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed zabija\u010dky bylo v\u017edy pos\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed tzv. v\u00fdslu\u017eky. Ta obsahovala r\u016fzn\u00e9 zabija\u010dkov\u00e9 pokrmy. V\u00fdslu\u017eka se rozn\u00e1\u0161ela m\u00edstn\u00edm hodnost\u00e1\u0159\u016fm, po\u010d\u00ednaje far\u00e1\u0159em, starostou, velitelem hasi\u010d\u016f, \u0161af\u00e1\u0159em a kon\u010de \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edm u\u010ditelem. Jako dar, tedy pocta, se jim pos\u00edlaly nejen kusy masa, pol\u00e9vka, jitrnice a jelita, n\u00fdbr\u017e i nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zab\u00edja\u010dkov\u00e1 lah\u016fdka, je\u0161t\u011b tepl\u00fd ovar.<\/p>\n V den por\u00e1\u017eky se jako p\u0159esn\u00edd\u00e1vka v\u011bt\u0161inou pod\u00e1val s k\u0159enem a ho\u0159\u010dic\u00ed. Va\u0159il se z vep\u0159ov\u00e9 hlavy, jazyka, krkovi\u010dky, plece a laloku. Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f ji rozn\u00e1\u0161ely d\u011bti hospod\u00e1\u0159\u016f. V\u00fdslu\u017eka se pak lidem vr\u00e1tila od ka\u017ed\u00e9ho souseda nebo zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho. D\u00edky rozes\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdslu\u017eek se vep\u0159ov\u00e9 maso dost\u00e1valo i do j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku soci\u00e1ln\u011b slab\u0161\u00edch rodin, kter\u00e9 si vep\u0159e nemohly dovolit chovat. Jeliko\u017e se mezi sebou soused\u00e9 domluvili, kdy kdo bude zab\u00edjet, rozlo\u017eila se dom\u00e1c\u00ed zabija\u010dka na cel\u00e9 obdob\u00ed chladn\u00fdch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f.<\/p>\n Ps\u00e1t o skv\u011bl\u00fdch chut\u00edch v\u0161ech zabija\u010dkov\u00fdch specialit je jako no\u0161en\u00ed d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed do lesa. P\u011bkn\u00e9 je ov\u0161em poslouchat dohadov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ech z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch, kdo m\u00e1 rad\u011bji jitrnice, kdo jelita, kdo s \u010d\u00edm a jak je j\u00ed, zda je lep\u0161\u00ed ho\u0159\u010dice a chl\u00e9b, \u010di kysan\u00e9 zel\u00ed a \u0161\u0165ouchan\u00e9 brambory, kdo r\u00e1d a kdo nerad zabija\u010dkovou pol\u00e9vku \u2013 prdela\u010dku…Pam\u011btn\u00edci poctiv\u00fdch zabija\u010dek v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee \u0159ezni\u010dt\u00ed mist\u0159i vyr\u00e1b\u011bli tla\u010denky v\u017edy sou\u010dasn\u011b s jitrnicemi. Do tla\u010denky pokr\u00e1jeli libov\u00e9 maso, ostatn\u00ed zu\u017eitkovali v prejtu. P\u016fvodn\u011b se masov\u00e1 sm\u011bs na tla\u010denku plnila do vep\u0159ov\u00fdch \u017ealudk\u016f, kter\u00fdm se \u0159\u00edkalo bacho\u0159inky. Po vychladnut\u00ed se \u017ealudky zat\u00ed\u017eily t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm kamenem. V 19. stolet\u00ed se vyr\u00e1b\u011bla levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed varianta tla\u010denky, takzvan\u00fd presvu\u0159t, p\u0159ipravovan\u00e1 p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b ze siln\u011b ko\u0159en\u011bn\u00e9 vep\u0159ov\u00e9 krve pln\u011bn\u00e9 do obr\u00e1cen\u00fdch vep\u0159ov\u00fdch m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159\u016f.<\/p>\n Tajemstv\u00ed zabija\u010dkov\u00e9ho ko\u0159en\u00ed si ka\u017ed\u00fd \u0159ezn\u00edk a hospod\u00e1\u0159 pe\u010dliv\u00e9 st\u0159e\u017eil po generace. Aby bylo co nej\u010derstv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, mlelo se a m\u00edchalo v\u011bt\u0161inou den p\u0159edem. U jitrnic nesm\u011bla chyb\u011bt major\u00e1nka, pep\u0159 a nov\u00e9 ko\u0159en\u00ed, ale n\u011bkdo p\u0159id\u00e1val h\u0159eb\u00ed\u010dek, \u010desnek, z\u00e1zvor, citronovou k\u016fru. Na \u0160umav\u011b je b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed saturejky \u010di dobromyslu m\u00edsto major\u00e1nky. Vep\u0159ov\u00e9 s\u00e1dlo bylo po cel\u00e1 stalet\u00ed nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm omastkem na\u0161\u00ed kuchyn\u011b. \u0160kva\u0159en\u00ed s\u00e1dla vy\u017eadovalo zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di a opatrnost. Za neust\u00e1l\u00e9ho m\u00edch\u00e1n\u00ed se vyp\u00e9kalo na m\u00edrn\u00e9m ohni, aby se nep\u0159ip\u00e1lilo. \u0160kvarky neboli \u201ev\u00fdpe\u010dky\u201c se jedly k chlebu tepl\u00e9 nebo studen\u00e9, s oblibou se jimi mastily hr\u00e1ch, \u010do\u010dka nebo brambory. Vy\u0161kva\u0159en\u00e9 s\u00e1dlo nal\u00e9valy hospodyn\u011b do vysok\u00fdch keramick\u00fdch kraj\u00e1\u010d\u016f \u201es\u00e1deln\u00edk\u016f\u201c, aby vydr\u017eelo do p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed sezony.<\/p>\n Omlouv\u00e1m se p\u0159\u00edznivc\u016fm zdrav\u00e9 v\u00fd\u017eivy i ostatn\u00edm, \u017ee jsem je vystavil tak velk\u00e9mu psychick\u00e9mu tlaku. Pokud podlehnou svodu star\u00fdch \u010das\u016f, mohu jim prozradit, \u017ee to nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd smrteln\u00fd h\u0159\u00edch. <\/p>\n Zdroj:<\/strong> Karel Toman – M\u011bs\u00edce<\/p>\n P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00daNOR <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":272580,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/03\/ram-unor.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/151698"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=151698"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/151698\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":272579,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/151698\/revisions\/272579"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/272580"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=151698"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=151698"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=151698"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\na v les\u00edch hlubok\u00fdch a v m\u00edru sn\u011b\u017en\u00fdch pol\u00ed<\/em>
\nnaslouch\u00e1\u0161 rytmu \u017eivota,<\/em>
\nzda n\u011bkdy nesly\u0161\u00ed\u0161<\/em>
\nhlas hlubin ?<\/em><\/p>\n
\nMl\u010den\u00ed zem\u011b bol\u00ed.<\/em>
\nV\u0161ak dole<\/em>
\ntep srdce chv\u011bje se a skryt\u00fd pramen temnot<\/em>
\ndere se k sv\u011btlu.<\/em><\/p>\n
\ntv\u00e9 srdce opije a hlavu \u0161t\u011bst\u00edm zm\u00e1m\u00ed,<\/em>
\n\u017ee v zoufalstv\u00ed snad, ve v\u00ed\u0159e v\u0161ak nejsme sami.<\/em><\/p>\nVe star\u00e9m \u0158\u00edm\u011b se nov\u00fd rok za\u010d\u00ednal na ja\u0159e \u2013 v dob\u011b, kdy\u017e se p\u0159\u00edroda probouz\u00ed a je \u010das za\u010d\u00edt se v\u011bnovat pr\u00e1ci na pol\u00edch. Prvn\u00edm m\u011bs\u00edcem jejich kalend\u00e1\u0159e byl tedy b\u0159ezen. A to znamen\u00e1 co? Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b \u2013 \u00fanor je t\u00edm p\u00e1dem v kalend\u00e1\u0159i posledn\u00ed! A t\u00edm p\u00e1dem na n\u011bj u\u017e zkr\u00e1tka \u201enezbyl\u201c dostatek dn\u016f! Kdy\u017e pak jednou za \u010dty\u0159i roky v kalend\u00e1\u0159i p\u0159ece jen n\u011bjak\u00fd ten den nav\u00edc z\u016fstane, dostane ho pr\u00e1v\u011b chud\u00e1\u010dek \u00fanor, proto\u017ee byl kdysi posledn\u00ed. Ale pom\u016f\u017ee mu to jen tro\u0161ku, proto\u017ee ani s 29 dny na sv\u00fdch jeden\u00e1ct brat\u0159\u00ed\u010dk\u016f po\u0159\u00e1d je\u0161t\u011b nedos\u00e1hne!<\/h6>\n
\nM\u011bjte se kr\u00e1sn\u00e9, \u00fanorov\u011b.<\/p>\n
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