{"id":150088,"date":"2023-01-22T20:00:05","date_gmt":"2023-01-22T19:00:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=150088"},"modified":"2023-01-22T20:00:05","modified_gmt":"2023-01-22T19:00:05","slug":"stara-sumava-snehove-kalamity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=150088","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Sn\u011bhov\u00e9 kalamity"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Sn\u011bhov\u00e9 kalamity neb\u00fdvaly na \u0160umav\u011b vz\u00e1cnost\u00ed. I dnes, pokud nen\u00ed zrovna v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b tepl\u00e1 zima, sn\u00edh tu na h\u0159ebenech a ve v\u00fd\u0161e polo\u017een\u00fdch \u00fadol\u00edch nad 800metr\u016f le\u017e\u00ed zpravidla od konce \u0159\u00edjna a\u017e do konce dubna. Jeho vrstva dosahuje norm\u00e1ln\u011b mocnosti 60 a\u017e 100 cm. V arktick\u00fdch nebo na sn\u00edh bohat\u00fdch zim\u00e1ch m\u016f\u017ee pak v poloh\u00e1ch nad 1000 metr\u016f napadnout p\u0159es200 centimetr\u016f sn\u011bhu a tak\u00e9 doba trv\u00e1n\u00ed sn\u011bhov\u00e9 pokr\u00fdvky je tu del\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 200 dn\u00ed, od \u0159\u00edjna p\u0159es 20. kv\u011bten. Tyto vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed polohy \u0160umavy nebyly v novov\u011bk\u00e9 minulosti lidupr\u00e1zdn\u00e9.<\/h6>\n

V nelehk\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch zde celoro\u010dn\u011b \u017eili hlavn\u011b d\u0159eva\u0159i a skl\u00e1\u0159i, ale i pastevci. Jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed farn\u00ed kronika Ka\u0161persk\u00fdch Hor, byla zima tohoto roku zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 krut\u00e1. \u201eTeploty v \u00fanoru klesaly a\u017e k \u2013 30\u00b0 C. V\u00fdpadky v doprav\u011b zp\u016fsobily citeln\u00fd nedostatek paliva, zejm\u00e9na uhl\u00ed. Hrozn\u00e9 byly \u0161kody na ovocn\u00fdch stromech, mnoho jich pomrzlo, v\u011bt\u0161inu v\u0161ak ohlodali zaj\u00edci. V lesn\u00edch rev\u00edrech m\u011bsta bylo nalezeno vzdor dostate\u010dn\u00e9mu krmen\u00ed mnoho mrtv\u00fdch srnc\u016f. Zima se drala i do st\u00e1j\u00ed a tak mnoh\u00e1 koza byla r\u00e1no nalezena mrtv\u00e1, umrzl\u00e1. V oblasti Ka\u0161persk\u00fdch Hor a Hartmanic napadlo do t\u00e9 doby nev\u00eddan\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed sn\u011bhu. B\u011bhem nejstuden\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dn\u016f bylo mnoho poh\u0159b\u016f, skoro v\u0161echny star\u00e9 osoby vym\u0159ely\u2026\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 krut\u00e9 tu b\u00fdvaly pr\u00e1v\u011b zimy. Barvit\u00e9 sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o tom vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 v \u0159ad\u011b sv\u00fdch pr\u00f3z Karel Klostermann, kdy\u017e nap\u0159\u00edklad popisuje, jak sn\u00edh zcela zasyp\u00e1val d\u0159eva\u0159sk\u00e1 obydl\u00ed, v nich\u017e na n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed jejich obyvatele uv\u011bznil. Nezbytnost\u00ed pak bylo pror\u00e1\u017eet ve vrstv\u011b sn\u011bhu nad kom\u00ednem pr\u016fchod pro kou\u0159, aby se dalo topit a tak p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt.<\/p>\n

\u201eV kalend\u00e1\u0159i se psalo ji\u017e jaro 1853 a jevi\u0161t\u011bm hr\u016fzypln\u00e9ho dramatu byly osady pod Hu\u0165skou horou. Po m\u00edrn\u00e9m, v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b dlouhotrvaj\u00edc\u00edm podzimu nastala n\u00e1hle nesl\u00fdchan\u011b na sn\u00edh bohat\u00e1 zima. Zd\u00e1lo se, \u017ee sn\u011bhu nebude konce; padal klidn\u011b, p\u0159\u00ed\u0161ern\u011b, ti\u0161e, ve velk\u00fdch vlo\u010dk\u00e1ch, \u201eprost\u011bradlech\u201c, jak \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed sedl\u00e1ci, nekone\u010dn\u011b, pokr\u00fdvaje stromy nesm\u00edrn\u00fdm b\u0159emenem, tak\u017ee se v\u011btve l\u00e1maly; pak zdvihly se zase krut\u00e9 vich\u0159ice, kter\u00e9 kypr\u00fd sn\u00edh na s\u00e1hy vysoko nav\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n

Pak oblevilo, umrzlo znovu, op\u011bt sn\u011b\u017eilo, bez konce, jako by padala cel\u00e1 obloha, v jedin\u00fd velk\u00fd rub\u00e1\u0161 prom\u011bn\u011bn\u00e1, aby mrtvou zemi zahalila. Tak byly jednotliv\u00e9 osady doslovn\u011b zav\u00e1ty; lid\u00e9 musili vykop\u00e1vat s nekone\u010dnou n\u00e1mahou opravdov\u00e9 tunely, aby se aspo\u0148 k studn\u00edm a chl\u00e9v\u016fm dostali. Zav\u00e1ti! D\u00edt\u011b se rozest\u016fn\u011b; ani pomy\u0161len\u00ed p\u0159iv\u00e9st l\u00e9ka\u0159e, obstarat l\u00e9k. Sta\u0159ec zem\u0159e; \u00fat\u011bcha n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e1 musila mu b\u00fdti odep\u0159ena, t\u0159i\u2013\u010dty\u0159i ned\u011ble le\u017e\u00ed mrtvola ve staven\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Kde je cesta, kterou by se mohlo doj\u00edt k far\u00e1\u0159i do Rej\u0161tejna? Nemo\u017eno! Sn\u011bhu le\u017e\u00ed na s\u00e1h vysoko; cel\u00e9 hradby se ho navr\u0161ily; hlubok\u00e9 rokle jsou zav\u00e1ty a vkro\u010d\u00ed-li na n\u011b chv\u00e1taj\u00edc\u00ed noha, klesne s klamnou pokr\u00fdvkou v studen\u00fd, n\u011bm\u00fd hrob. A kde nabrat chleba? P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1m, \u017ee sedl\u00e1ci tady naho\u0159e nemaj\u00ed dost obil\u00ed pro svou pot\u0159ebu. Tak tomu bylo tak\u00e9 onoho roku v Ziegenrucku. Kdy\u017e z\u00e1soba \u017eita do\u0161la, s\u00e1hlo se k ovsu a potom k rozli\u010dn\u00e9 zadin\u011b, pln\u00e9 j\u00edlku a koukolu. Jedovat\u00fd chl\u00e9b! Tak se d\u011blo po t\u0159i dlouh\u00e9, dlouh\u00e9 m\u011bs\u00edce. Ani \u017eiv\u00e1 du\u0161e nevy\u0161la za ten \u010das ze zav\u00e1t\u00fdch osad a odjinud se sem tak\u00e9 nikdo nedostal. Tu p\u0159i\u0161la kone\u010dn\u011b v b\u0159eznu obleva a nekone\u010dn\u00e9 proudy \u0161pinav\u00e9 vody valily se dol\u016f z poho\u0159\u00ed, pln\u00edce \u0159eku Otavu u Rej\u0161tejna a d\u00e1le v rovin\u00e1ch v povode\u0148 se rozl\u00e9vaj\u00edce. A z\u00e1rove\u0148 s proudy velk\u00e9 vody p\u0159i\u0161ly zprvu neur\u010dit\u00e9, pak st\u00e1le spolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy o hrozn\u00e9 epidemii tam naho\u0159e v hor\u00e1ch, o hladu a \u0161\u00edlenstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zdravotn\u00ed komise z Ka\u0161persk\u00fdch Hor se vypravila nahoru, do odlehl\u00fdch samot. Vyhubl\u00e9 obli\u010deje pohl\u00ed\u017eely strnul\u00fdma o\u010dima z oken a dve\u0159\u00ed, na kostry vyz\u00e1bl\u00e9 postavy pot\u00e1cely se jako fantomy komusi vst\u0159\u00edc. A co domky a chatr\u010de uvnit\u0159 chovaly! I t\u011bm nejotrlej\u0161\u00edm l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm vst\u00e1valy vlasy na hlav\u011b, kdy\u017e to spat\u0159ili. Sedl\u00e1ci zde naho\u0159e pova\u017euj\u00ed okno domu za jak\u00fdsi druh br\u00e1ny do chr\u00e1mu Janusova, kter\u00e1 se za \u017e\u00e1dnou
\npodm\u00ednkou otev\u0159\u00edt nesm\u00ed, tak\u017ee se v zim\u011b podob\u00e1 velk\u00e1 sv\u011btnice zde naho\u0159e eskym\u00e1ck\u00e9 chatr\u010di, pln\u00e9 ne\u010distoty a v\u00fdpar\u016f; temperatura jako v parn\u00ed l\u00e1zni!<\/p>\n

To v\u0161echno, pak \u0161patn\u00e1 v\u00fd\u017eiva a nemo\u017enost vyj\u00edt na vzduch vyvolalo jak\u00fdsi druh hladov\u00e9ho tyfu, z\u00e1ke\u0159nou hore\u010dku hnisav\u00e9 povahy, kter\u00e1 ob\u011b\u0165 za ob\u011bt\u00ed si vy\u017e\u00e1dala. Nebylo domu, aby v n\u011bm nele\u017eelo n\u011bkolik mrtvol, s t\u011bmito za\u010dast\u00e9 na jednom l\u016f\u017eku nemocn\u00ed, p\u0159esto, \u017ee mrtvoly byly ji\u017e oby\u010dejn\u011b v rozkladu. …Vyhubl\u00e9 obli\u010deje pohl\u00ed\u017eely strnul\u00fdma o\u010dima z oken a a dve\u0159\u00ed, na kostry vyz\u00e1bl\u00e9 postavy pot\u00e1cely se jako fantomy. A co domky a chatr\u010de uvnit\u0159 chovaly! I t\u011bm nejotrlej\u0161\u00edm l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm vst\u00e1valy vlasy na hlav\u011b, kdy\u017e to spat\u0159ili.<\/p>\n

Tu nebylo obydl\u00ed bez mrtvoly; v mnoh\u00e9m staven\u00ed le\u017eely t\u0159i i \u010dty\u0159i. Musil bych m\u00edt pero Edmonda de Amicis, abych tuto nev\u00fdslovnou hr\u016fzu vyl\u00ed\u010dil.V n\u011bkter\u00fdch osad\u00e1ch vym\u0159ela dobr\u00e1 polovice v\u0161eho obyvatelstva a ve st\u00e1j\u00edch le\u017eely mrtvoly dobytka, pohynuv\u0161\u00edho hlady, pon\u011bvad\u017e nebylo lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed by jej pokrmili. T\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eili, zmocnila se otup\u011blost; nedali si \u010dasto ani pr\u00e1ci odklidit mrtvoly ze sv\u011btnice, kde potom v t\u00e9 tropick\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9\u0159e rozkladu podl\u00e9haly. V jin\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech p\u0159estali na tom, \u017ee vynesli zem\u0159el\u00e9 ze staven\u00ed, pokud sn\u00edh nebr\u00e1nil, a tam je le\u017eet nechali. L\u00e9ka\u0159i u\u010dinili, co bylo v jejich moci. Ve dne v noci t\u00e1hly po uvoln\u011bn\u00fdch cest\u00e1ch k Rej\u0161tejnu p\u0159\u00ed\u0161ern\u00e9 povozy, je\u017e odv\u00e1\u017eely na h\u0159bitov spousty mrtvol\u2026 V\u0161ude byly zavedeny sb\u00edrky, odev\u0161ad dov\u00e1\u017eely se n\u00e1klady \u017eivotn\u00edch pot\u0159eb. M\u011bsto Su\u0161ice a statk\u00e1\u0159i z okol\u00ed byli v dobro\u010dinnosti nevy\u010derpateln\u00ed. Budi\u017e zde po mnoha letech dobr\u00e9ho vd\u011b\u010dn\u011b vzpomenuto!\u201c<\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> P\u0159eklad prvn\u00edho Klostermannova d\u00edla. Klostermann debutoval n\u011bmecky psan\u00fdmi fejetony ze \u0160umavy v \u010dasopise Politik, kni\u017en\u011b pod n\u00e1zvem B\u00f6hmerwaldskizzen, \u010desky poprv\u00e9 pod n\u00e1zvem \u010crty ze \u0160umavy a\u017e roku 1923<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  Sn\u011bhov\u00e9 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":271629,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/22\/r\u00e1m-kalamity.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150088"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=150088"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150088\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":271628,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150088\/revisions\/271628"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/271629"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=150088"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=150088"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=150088"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}