{"id":132634,"date":"2026-05-31T09:47:17","date_gmt":"2026-05-31T08:47:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=132634"},"modified":"2026-06-01T10:23:49","modified_gmt":"2026-06-01T09:23:49","slug":"cerven-a-nase-dejiny-nektere-udalosti-ktere-mely-v-minulosti-zasadni-vyznam-pro-nasi-zemi-a-nas-narod","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=132634","title":{"rendered":"\u010cERVEN A \u010cESK\u00c9 D\u011aJINY: N\u011bkter\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly v minulosti z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u00fdznam pro na\u0161i zemi a n\u00e1\u0161 n\u00e1rod"},"content":{"rendered":"

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P\u0159ipome\u0148me si dal\u0161\u00ed pam\u011btihodn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti z \u010desk\u00e9 historie, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly pro na\u0161i zemi z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u00fdznam.\u00a0V t\u00e9to souvislosti dod\u00e1v\u00e1m, \u017ee n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdb\u011br a koment\u00e1\u0159 jednotliv\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete ch\u00e1pat jako autorsky naprosto subjektivn\u00ed.<\/h6>\n

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880 \u2013<\/strong> Z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed arcidiec\u00e9ze na Morav\u011b v \u010dele s arcibiskupem Metod\u011bjem. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 bylo pape\u017eem Janem VIII. op\u011btovn\u011b povoleno u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed slovansk\u00e9ho jazyka v liturgii.<\/p>\n

1. 6.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1811 \u2013<\/strong> Vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed V\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku v rakousk\u00e9m c\u00edsa\u0159stv\u00ed pro \u201en\u011bmeck\u00e9 d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e9 zem\u011b.\u201c Bylo tak zavedeno jednotn\u00e9 ob\u010dansk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo pro p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edky v\u0161ech stav\u016f a to i na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00ed. \u0160lo o jeden z krok\u016f k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed modern\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, jak ji zn\u00e1me dnes. Z\u00e1kon\u00edk vstoupil v platnost s po\u010d\u00e1tkem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho roku.<\/p>\n

1817 \u2013<\/strong> Josef Bo\u017eek, mechanik pra\u017esk\u00e9 polytechniky, p\u0159edvedl na Vltav\u011b u C\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9ho Ml\u00fdna v Buben\u010di svoji parolo\u010f.<\/p>\n

4.6.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1920 \u2013<\/strong> M\u00edrov\u00e1 dohoda uzav\u0159ena v Trianonu mezi \u010ceskoslovenskem a Ma\u010farskem, kter\u00e9 uznalo p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost Slovenska a Podkarpatska k \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9mu st\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n

8.6.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1950 \u2013<\/strong> Konec soudn\u00edho procesu s tzv. skupinou Hor\u00e1kov\u00e9. Jedna z temn\u00fdch kapitol \u010desk\u00fdch d\u011bjin, politick\u00fd proces s exempl\u00e1rn\u00edmi, nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u011b tvrd\u00fdmi rozsudky, velk\u00e1 chyba tehdej\u0161\u00edho re\u017eimu, dodnes i po 70 letech vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 ve vnit\u0159n\u00ed politice. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b je to sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o tehdej\u0161\u00edch politick\u00fdch pom\u011brech.<\/p>\n

Na stran\u011b druh\u00e9, proces s Hor\u00e1kovou je t\u0159eba vn\u00edmat v celkov\u00fdch souvislostech dom\u00e1c\u00edch i zahrani\u010dn\u011bpolitick\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f t\u00e9 doby. Proto p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1m, \u017ee prob\u00edhal skute\u010dn\u00fd mocensk\u00fd boj s mrtv\u00fdmi na obou stran\u00e1ch, pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed od konce II. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky i po \u00fanoru 1948. Stoupenci p\u0159edv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho politick\u00e9ho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s orientac\u00ed na z\u00e1padn\u00ed mocnosti, t\u0159eba\u017ee nem\u011bli podporu v\u011bt\u0161iny obyvatelstva, rovn\u011b\u017e nev\u00e1hali vyu\u017e\u00edt v\u0161ech prost\u0159edk\u016f k dosa\u017een\u00ed sv\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f. Existence tzv. protist\u00e1tn\u00edch skupin byla realitou. Nap\u0159\u00edklad skupina bratr\u016f Ma\u0161\u00ednov\u00fdch nebyla zdaleka ojedin\u011blou n\u00e1silnou aktivitou tohoto druhu. Realitou bylo i pronik\u00e1n\u00ed agent\u016f vy\u0161kolen\u00fdch z\u00e1padn\u00edmi rozv\u011bdkami na \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed a vra\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed funkcion\u00e1\u0159\u016f KS\u010c, n\u00e1rodn\u00edch v\u00fdbor\u016f a JZD nen\u00ed v\u00fdmysl. V letech 1948 \u2013 54 padlo p\u0159i t\u011bchto st\u0159etech jen v \u0159ad\u00e1ch Sboru n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti 112 jeho p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n

A\u010dkoliv to nijak neomlouv\u00e1 politick\u00e9 procesy z 50. let v \u010ceskoslovensku, nezapom\u00ednejme na celkov\u00fd politick\u00fd kontext t\u00e9 doby. Nemohu proto nep\u0159ipomenout analogickou \u00e9ru mccarthismu v USA v letech 1946 \u2013 56 s vysokou m\u00edrou st\u00e1tn\u00edch repres\u00ed, popravou man\u017eel\u016f Rosenbergov\u00fdch, podez\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm milion\u016f ob\u010dan\u016f z komunismu, na n\u011b\u017e byly vedeny zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed spisy. Ji\u017e pouh\u00e9 domn\u011bl\u00e9 podez\u0159en\u00ed sta\u010dilo na ztr\u00e1tu \u017eivotn\u00ed kari\u00e9ry, odvol\u00e1no bylo 11.500 st\u00e1tn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f, 145 osob bylo zat\u010deno za \u201ekomunistickou \u010dinnost\u201c, tzv. V\u00fdbor pro neamerickou \u010dinnost prov\u011b\u0159oval aktivity v z\u00e1bavn\u00edm pr\u016fmyslu, na \u010dern\u00e9 listin\u011b Hollywoodu se ocitly stovky osob a nap\u0159. Charlie Chaplin v d\u016fsledku t\u011bchto tlak\u016f volil rad\u011bji exil.<\/p>\n

Ob\u011b strany v boji proti imperialismu nebo naopak komunismu postupovaly proti skute\u010dn\u00fdm i domn\u011bl\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016fm sv\u00fdch \u201ep\u00e1t\u00fdch kolon\u201c podobn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem \u2013 to jen na okraj uzav\u00edr\u00e1m ohledn\u011b dne\u0161n\u00edho \u010dernob\u00edl\u00e9ho v\u00fdkladu d\u011bjin 50. let.<\/p>\n

9.6.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1896 \u2013<\/strong> Zalo\u017een\u00ed tov\u00e1rny Emila Kolbena, pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1sti koncernu \u010ceskomoravsk\u00e1 Kolben-Dan\u011bk (\u010cKD), jednoho z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u010desk\u00fdch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch podnik\u016f. Po privatizaci v roce 1994 n\u00e1stupnick\u00fd holding zanikl v roce 1998.<\/p>\n

10.6.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1942 \u2013<\/strong> Vyhlazen\u00ed Lidic n\u011bmeck\u00fdmi okupanty. Zast\u0159eleno 192 mu\u017e\u016f a odvle\u010deno 196 \u017een do koncentra\u010dn\u00edch t\u00e1bor\u016f a 96 d\u011bt\u00ed N\u011bmecka jako odveta za atent\u00e1t na Hendricha. Na 24. \u010derven v roce 1942 p\u0159ipad\u00e1 t\u00e9\u017e vyhlazen\u00ed Le\u017e\u00e1k\u016f.<\/p>\n

11.6.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1940 \u2013<\/strong> 2. \u010deskoslovensk\u00fd pluk ve Francii se st\u0159etl s n\u011bmeck\u00fdmi jednotkami u Coulommiers.<\/p>\n

12.6.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1869<\/strong> \u2013 Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00e9 firmy \u2013 \u0160kody Plze\u0148, dal\u0161\u00edho z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u010desk\u00fdch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch podnik\u016f, kdy pobo\u010dku b\u00fdval\u00fdch vald\u0161tejnsk\u00fdch stroj\u00edren koupil jejich hlavn\u00ed in\u017een\u00fdr, Emil \u0160koda.<\/p>\n

16.6.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1426 \u2013<\/strong> Bitva u \u00dast\u00ed nad Labem, v n\u00ed\u017e husit\u00e9 pod velen\u00edm Prokopa Hol\u00e9ho na hlavu porazili vojsko m\u00ed\u0161e\u0148sk\u00fdch markrabat s minim\u00e1ln\u00edmi vlastn\u00edmi ztr\u00e1tami.<\/p>\n

19. a 21.6.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1945 \u2013<\/strong> Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed dekret\u016f prezidenta republiky o potrest\u00e1n\u00ed nacistick\u00fdch zlo\u010dinc\u016f a zr\u00e1dc\u016f a konfiskaci majetku a rozd\u011blen\u00ed pozemkov\u00e9ho majetku N\u011bmc\u016f, Ma\u010far\u016f, zr\u00e1dc\u016f a kolaborant\u016f.<\/p>\n

21.6.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1305 \u2013<\/strong> Zem\u0159el jeden z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u010desk\u00fdch panovn\u00edk\u016f V\u00e1clav II., za n\u011bj\u017e p\u0159emyslovsk\u00e1 dynastie naposledy dos\u00e1hla vrcholu sv\u00e9 moci. Jeho vl\u00e1da se do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry op\u00edrala o rozvoj t\u011b\u017eby zejm\u00e9na kutnohorsk\u00e9ho st\u0159\u00edbra a j\u00edm zaveden\u00fd \u010desk\u00fd (pra\u017esk\u00fd) gro\u0161 byl ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b \u017e\u00e1danou \u201etvrdou\u201c m\u011bnou i v okoln\u00edch zem\u00edch. To souviselo s d\u016fln\u00ed a mincovn\u00ed reformou vyj\u00e1d\u0159enou v z\u00e1kon\u00edku Ius regale montanorum, kter\u00fd se stal na stalet\u00ed vzorem pro obdobn\u00e9 normy v jin\u00fdch st\u00e1tech.<\/p>\n

Po\u010d\u00e1tek vl\u00e1dy V\u00e1clava II. se po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 od roku 1283, prakticky v\u0161ak \u0159\u00eddil zemi d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu vlivu milenec kr\u00e1lovny vdovy Kunhuty (V\u00e1clavovy matky) Z\u00e1vi\u0161 z Falken\u0161tejna. Teprve od roku 1288 vl\u00e1dl mlad\u00fd kr\u00e1l zcela samostatn\u011b a ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed korunovace prob\u011bhla a\u017e 2.6. 1297. Pro \u00e9ru vl\u00e1dy V\u00e1clava II. se stal charakteristick\u00fdm rozvoj m\u011bst a p\u0159evl\u00e1dnut\u00ed pen\u011b\u017en\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Styl \u010desk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky V\u00e1clava II. byl velmocensk\u00fd. Kr\u00e1l z\u00edskal Krakovsko, Kladsko, T\u011b\u0161\u00ednsko, Byronsko a Opol\u00ed. V srpnu roku 1300 byl korunov\u00e1n v Hn\u011bzdn\u011b i kr\u00e1lem polsk\u00fdm. Syna, pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edho posledn\u00edho p\u0159emyslovsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le V\u00e1clava III., prosadil jako \u010dekatele na uhersk\u00fd tr\u016fn, by\u0165 ten se sv\u00e9ho adeptstv\u00ed pozd\u011bji vzdal.<\/p>\n

1621 \u2013<\/strong> Poprava 27 v\u016fdc\u016f \u010desk\u00e9ho stavovsk\u00e9ho povst\u00e1n\u00ed na Starom\u011bstsk\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed v Praze jako symbolick\u00e9 vyvrcholen\u00ed por\u00e1\u017eky protihabsbursk\u00e9ho povst\u00e1n\u00ed a demonstrativn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st eliminace dom\u00e1c\u00edch \u010desk\u00fdch elit, zejm\u00e9na \u0161lechtick\u00fdch, Habsburky.<\/p>\n

26.6.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1420 \u2013<\/strong> Husit\u00e9 veden\u00ed Ale\u0161em z V\u0159e\u0161\u0165ova, Bene\u0161em z Mokrovous a Ji\u0159\u00edkem z Chvalkovic n\u00e1hl\u00fdm p\u0159epadem p\u0159emohli kr\u00e1lovskou pos\u00e1dku v Hradci Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9. M\u011bsto se n\u00e1sledn\u011b stalo centrem jednoho ze t\u0159\u00ed hlavn\u00edch st\u0159edisek husitstv\u00ed (vedle Prahy a T\u00e1bora), v\u00fdchodo\u010desk\u00e9ho husitsk\u00e9ho svazu, jeho\u017e \u010dlenov\u00e9, nejv\u011brn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stoupenci Jana \u017di\u017eky, se po jeho smrti za\u010dali ozna\u010dovat jako \u201esirotci.\u201c Mezi v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 hejtmany pat\u0159il nap\u0159. Jan \u010capek ze S\u00e1n, mezi ideov\u00e9 v\u016fdce nap\u0159. kn\u011bz Ambro\u017e.<\/p>\n

27.6.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1849 \u2013<\/strong> Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bc\u00edch na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed k z\u00e1konu o zru\u0161en\u00ed roboty, podle kter\u00fdch bylo n\u00e1sledn\u011b realizov\u00e1no zru\u0161en\u00ed feud\u00e1ln\u00ed poddansk\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti a vrchnostensk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu spr\u00e1vy; praktick\u00e9 ukon\u010den\u00ed feudalismu v \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch.<\/p>\n

28.6.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1914 \u2013<\/strong> Atent\u00e1t v Sarajevu na n\u00e1sledn\u00edka rakousk\u00e9ho tr\u016fnu Franti\u0161ka Ferdinanda d\u00b4Este. Vedl k za\u010d\u00e1tku 1. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, jednomu z nejkrvav\u011bj\u0161\u00edch konflikt\u016f v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch, v jeho\u017e d\u016fsledku se mimo jin\u00e9 rozpadla habsbursk\u00e1 monarchie, co\u017e umo\u017enilo vznik tzv. n\u00e1slednick\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v\u010detn\u011b \u010ceskoslovenska.<\/p>\n

29.6.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1945 \u2013<\/strong> Uzav\u0159en\u00ed smlouvy mezi \u010deskoslovenskou vl\u00e1dou a Sov\u011btsk\u00fdm svazem o v\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed Podkarpatsk\u00e9 Ukrajiny do Ukrajinsk\u00e9 sov\u011btsk\u00e9 socialistick\u00e9 republiky.<\/p>\n

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ZV\u011aDAVEC<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Foto: Marek NAHODIL \u2013\u00a0www.nahodil.photography<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Galerie sn\u00edmk\u016f Marka Nahodila v MAGAZ\u00cdNU Za kr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed Vimperk<\/a><\/h6>\n

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