{"id":132418,"date":"2018-08-20T12:38:31","date_gmt":"2018-08-20T11:38:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=132418"},"modified":"2018-08-20T12:40:02","modified_gmt":"2018-08-20T11:40:02","slug":"protext-uraz-mimo-pracovni-dobu-ci-mimo-pracoviste-kdy-se-jedna-o-pracovni-uraz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=132418","title":{"rendered":"PROTEXT: \u00daraz mimo pracovn\u00ed dobu \u010di mimo pracovi\u0161t\u011b. Kdy se jedn\u00e1 o pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz?"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Aby mohl b\u00fdt \u00faraz zam\u011bstnance pova\u017eov\u00e1n za pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt spln\u011bno n\u011bkolik podm\u00ednek. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mus\u00ed k \u00farazu doj\u00edt p\u0159i pln\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f nebo v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 souvislosti s pln\u011bn\u00edm pracovn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f. K po\u0161kozen\u00ed zdrav\u00ed \u010di smrti zam\u011bstnance pak mus\u00ed doj\u00edt nez\u00e1visle na jeho v\u016fli kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdm, n\u00e1hl\u00fdm a n\u00e1siln\u00fdm p\u016fsoben\u00edm zevn\u00edch vliv\u016f. V ur\u010dit\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech tedy lze, aby se za pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz pova\u017eoval i \u00faraz, kter\u00fd se stal mimo pracovi\u0161t\u011b \u010di mimo pracovn\u00ed dobu.<\/h6>\n
Pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz mimo pracovn\u00ed dobu<\/strong><\/h6>\n

\"\"\u201ePokud se \u00faraz zam\u011bstnanci p\u0159ihod\u00ed mimo pracovn\u00ed dobu, bude nutno mimo jin\u00e9 posoudit, zda p\u0159i vzniku \u00farazu zam\u011bstnanec plnil pracovn\u00ed \u00fakoly nebo prov\u00e1d\u011bl \u00fakony v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 souvislosti s pln\u011bn\u00edm pracovn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f. Nelze uzav\u0159\u00edt, \u017ee pokud se \u00faraz stane mimo pracovn\u00ed dobu, o pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz se nejedn\u00e1, nelze v\u0161ak ani uzav\u0159\u00edt, \u017ee pokud se \u00faraz stane mimo pracovn\u00ed dobu, ale na pracovi\u0161ti, bude se v\u017edy jednat o pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz,\u201c<\/em>\u00a0vysv\u011btluje pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Petr Nov\u00e1k ze spole\u010dnosti Va\u0161e n\u00e1roky.cz, kter\u00e1 se pracovn\u00edmi \u00farazy zab\u00fdv\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Nelze tedy definovat, \u017ee pokud se \u00faraz stane mimo pracovn\u00ed dobu, o pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz se nejedn\u00e1. Pokud se nap\u0159\u00edklad zam\u011bstnanci stane \u00faraz p\u0159i p\u0159evl\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed se v \u0161atn\u011b zam\u011bstnavatele, o pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz se jedn\u00e1, i kdy\u017e k n\u011bmu do\u0161lo p\u0159ed pracovn\u00ed dobou.\u00a0\u201eV tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zam\u011bstnanec vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fakony v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 souvislosti s pln\u011bn\u00edm pracovn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f, p\u0159ipravuje se k v\u00fdkonu pr\u00e1ce, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o \u00fakon nutn\u00fd p\u0159ed po\u010d\u00e1tkem pr\u00e1ce. O pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz se v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jedn\u00e1,\u201c<\/em>\u00a0komentuje p\u0159\u00edklad pr\u00e1vn\u00edk.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed spornou variantou m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt situace, kdy\u017e se \u00faraz zam\u011bstnanci stane v ob\u011bdov\u00e9 \u010di jin\u00e9 p\u0159est\u00e1vce. Pokud se takov\u00fdto \u00faraz stane na pracovi\u0161ti zam\u011bstnavatele, o pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz se jednat m\u016f\u017ee, mus\u00ed se v\u0161ak posoudit ka\u017ed\u00fd konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad.\u00a0\u201ePokud zam\u011bstnanec v dob\u011b p\u0159est\u00e1vky na j\u00eddlo a oddech neopust\u00ed objekt zam\u011bstnavatele, jsou v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 souvislosti s pln\u011bn\u00edm pracovn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f i \u00fakony obvykl\u00e9 v dob\u011b p\u0159est\u00e1vky, nap\u0159\u00edklad tedy i cesta k m\u00edstu, kde se zam\u011bstnanec stravuje. Samotn\u00e9 stravov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak takov\u00fdm \u00fakonem nen\u00ed. Pokud se tedy nap\u0159\u00edklad zam\u011bstnanec opa\u0159\u00ed v\u0159elou pol\u00edvkou p\u0159i ob\u011bdv\u00e1n\u00ed, o pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz se jednat nebude, pokud by si v\u0161ak vymkl kotn\u00edk na schodech p\u0159i cest\u011b do j\u00eddelny v objektu zam\u011bstnavatele, bude mo\u017eno vznikl\u00fd \u00faraz pova\u017eovat za pracovn\u00ed,\u201c<\/em>\u00a0vysv\u011btluje pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Nov\u00e1k.<\/p>\n

Pokud by se v\u0161ak zam\u011bstnanec v pr\u00e1ci zdr\u017eoval ne\u00fa\u010deln\u011b dlouho nebo by se do pr\u00e1ce po pracovn\u00ed dob\u011b vr\u00e1til zp\u011bt, nap\u0159\u00edklad pro zapomenutou v\u011bc, o pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz by se pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nejednalo.\u00a0\u201eZam\u011bstnanec v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nepln\u00ed pracovn\u00ed \u00fakoly ani nevykon\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fakony v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 souvislosti s pln\u011bn\u00edm pracovn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f. Pokud si tedy zam\u011bstnanec zapomene na pracovi\u0161ti nap\u0159\u00edklad pen\u011b\u017eenku a po skon\u010den\u00ed pracovn\u00ed doby se do objektu zam\u011bstnavatele pro pen\u011b\u017eenku vr\u00e1t\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e si zp\u016fsob\u00ed \u00faraz, nelze tento pova\u017eovat za pracovn\u00ed,\u201c<\/em>up\u0159es\u0148uje pr\u00e1vn\u00edk.<\/p>\n

Pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz mimo pracovi\u0161t\u011b<\/strong><\/h6>\n

O \u00farazu, kter\u00fd se stane mimo m\u00edsto, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 zam\u011bstnanec uvedeno jako m\u00edsto v\u00fdkonu pr\u00e1ce, nelze automaticky \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee se nejedn\u00e1 o \u00faraz pracovn\u00ed.\u00a0\u201eZa pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz nap\u0159\u00edklad nelze pova\u017eovat \u00faraz, kter\u00fd se zam\u011bstnanci p\u0159ihod\u00ed na cest\u011b do zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a zp\u011bt. U ostatn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f v\u0161ak bude nutn\u00e9 posuzovat ka\u017ed\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad jednotliv\u011b a zkoumat, zda zam\u011bstnanec plnil pracovn\u00ed \u00fakoly \u010di vykon\u00e1val \u00fakony v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 souvislosti s pln\u011bn\u00edm pracovn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f,\u201c<\/em>\u00a0rad\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edk z Va\u0161e n\u00e1roky.cz. Jestli\u017ee se \u00faraz zam\u011bstnanci stane v ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 poledn\u00ed p\u0159est\u00e1vce, av\u0161ak mimo pracovi\u0161t\u011b, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i cest\u011b do restaurace, o pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz se nejedn\u00e1.\u00a0\u201eV tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se o pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz jednat nebude. Nejedn\u00e1 se toti\u017e o \u00fakon v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 souvislosti s pln\u011bn\u00edm pracovn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f, z t\u00e9to souvislosti je vy\u0148ato jak samotn\u00e9 stravov\u00e1n\u00ed zam\u011bstnance, tak i cesta k stravovac\u00edmu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm se mimo objekt zam\u011bstnavatele a zp\u011bt,\u201c<\/em>\u00a0dopl\u0148uje pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Nov\u00e1k.<\/p>\n

Rozd\u00edlem je v\u0161ak \u00faraz, kter\u00fd se stane sice mimo pracovi\u0161t\u011b, ale p\u0159i pln\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i cest\u011b na po\u0161tu s firemn\u00ed korespondenc\u00ed \u010di p\u0159i cest\u011b na n\u00e1kup kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch pot\u0159eb.\u00a0\u201eTakov\u00e9to \u00farazy by se pova\u017eovaly za \u00farazy pracovn\u00ed, a to pr\u00e1v\u011b z d\u016fvodu, \u017ee zam\u011bstnanec pln\u00ed pracovn\u00ed \u00fakoly,\u201c<\/em>\u00a0\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00edk.<\/p>\n

Sporn\u00fdm bodem pak \u010dasto b\u00fdv\u00e1 tzv. homeoffice. Nelze striktn\u011b \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee pokud se uraz stane p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci z domova, nejedn\u00e1 se \u00faraz pracovn\u00ed. Znovu zde z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, jak k \u00farazu do\u0161lo.\u00a0\u201ePokud vykon\u00e1van\u00e1 \u010dinnost, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 si zam\u011bstnanec zp\u016fsobil \u00faraz, souvisela s v\u00fdkonem pr\u00e1ce, o pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz se jednat bude. Pokud v\u0161ak zam\u011bstnanec bude pracovat z domu, ale b\u011bhem pr\u00e1ce si \u201eodsko\u010d\u00ed um\u00fdt okna\u201c<\/em> a p\u0159i t\u00e9to \u010dinnosti spadne, pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz to nebude,\u201c\u00a0objas\u0148uje pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Petr Nov\u00e1k.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed nejasnou situac\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u00faraz zp\u016fsoben\u00fd p\u0159i n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b l\u00e9ka\u0159e, kter\u00e1 je v pracovn\u00ed dob\u011b.\u00a0\u201eVy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 na p\u0159\u00edkaz zam\u011bstnavatele, vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed v souvislosti s no\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci a o\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159i prvn\u00ed pomoci a z\u00e1rove\u0148 cesta na takov\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za \u00fakony v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 souvislosti s pln\u011bn\u00edm pracovn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f. Pokud se \u00faraz zam\u011bstnanci p\u0159ihod\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i cest\u011b na pracovn\u011bl\u00e9ka\u0159skou prohl\u00eddku, bude se jednat o \u00faraz pracovn\u00ed. Za pracovn\u00ed \u00farazy v\u0161ak nelze pova\u017eovat \u00farazy, kter\u00e9 si zam\u011bstnanec p\u0159ivod\u00ed p\u0159i vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, jejich\u017e pot\u0159eba je d\u00e1na jen zdravotn\u00edm stavem zam\u011bstnance obecn\u011b, nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva zuba\u0159e,\u201c\u00a0<\/em>vysv\u011btluje pr\u00e1vn\u00edk.<\/p>\n

\u010casto je tak\u00e9 diskutov\u00e1n probl\u00e9m, jak postupovat, kdy\u017e se \u00faraz stane na tzv. teambuildingov\u00e9 akci.\u00a0\u201eZde p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm bude z\u00e1le\u017eet, zda byla takov\u00e1 akce organizovan\u00e1 zam\u011bstnavatelem nebo si teambuilding za\u0159\u00eddili zam\u011bstnanci samotn\u00ed. D\u00e1le pak bude nutno zohlednit, zda byla \u00fa\u010dast zam\u011bstnance na teambuildingu zcela dobrovoln\u00e1, nebo byla \u00fa\u010dast povinn\u00e1. Obecn\u011b tak bude platit, \u017ee pokud teambuilding po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 zam\u011bstnavatel a \u00fa\u010dast zam\u011bstnance na t\u00e9to akci nebude zcela dobrovoln\u00e1, bude na vznikl\u00fd \u00faraz nahl\u00ed\u017eeno jako na \u00faraz pracovn\u00ed,\u201c<\/em>dopl\u0148uje pr\u00e1vn\u00edk z Va\u0161e n\u00e1roky.cz<\/p>\n

\u00daraz na pracovn\u00ed cest\u011b<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Posledn\u00edm sporn\u00fdm specifikem pak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u00faraz na pracovn\u00ed cest\u011b.\u00a0\u201e\u010cinnost, kter\u00e1 je p\u0159edm\u011btem pracovn\u00ed cesty je ozna\u010den\u00e1 za pln\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f. Pr\u016fb\u011bh pracovn\u00ed cesty je v\u0161ak rozd\u011blen do v\u00edce \u00fasek\u016f, kter\u00e9 nejsou pro \u00fa\u010dely rozli\u0161en\u00ed, zda se jedn\u00e1 o v\u00fdkon pr\u00e1ce \u010di nikoliv, posuzov\u00e1ny toto\u017en\u011b. Nap\u0159\u00edklad cesta z bydli\u0161t\u011b zam\u011bstnance k dopravn\u00edmu prost\u0159edku, kter\u00fdm m\u00e1 na pracovn\u00ed cestu vyrazit, se za v\u00fdkon pr\u00e1ce nepova\u017euje, a proto pokud si zam\u011bstnanec zp\u016fsob\u00ed \u00faraz cestou z domu na vlak, nebude se jednat o pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz. Pokud v\u0161ak ji\u017e zam\u011bstnanec cestuje ur\u010den\u00fdm dopravn\u00edm prost\u0159edkem do c\u00edle pracovn\u00ed cesty a zp\u016fsob\u00ed si \u00faraz, bude tento \u00faraz \u00farazem pracovn\u00edm,\u201c\u00a0<\/em>odpov\u00edd\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00edk.<\/p>\n

“D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 bude, aby zam\u011bstnanec \u00faraz bezodkladn\u011b nahl\u00e1sil vedouc\u00edmu pracovn\u00edkovi, nap\u0159\u00edklad telefonicky. V\u017edy je vhodn\u00e9, pokud si zam\u011bstnanec zajist\u00ed kontakty na sv\u011bdky, kte\u0159\u00ed byli p\u0159i vzniku \u00farazu p\u0159\u00edtomni,\u201c<\/em>\u00a0uzav\u00edr\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Petr Nov\u00e1k.<\/p>\n

PROTEXT<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: pixabay<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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