{"id":122899,"date":"2021-02-11T13:58:37","date_gmt":"2021-02-11T12:58:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=122899"},"modified":"2021-02-14T19:53:48","modified_gmt":"2021-02-14T18:53:48","slug":"stara-sumava-svaty-valentyn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=122899","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Svat\u00fd Valent\u00fdn"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Ko\u0159eny valent\u00fdnsk\u00fdch oslav sahaj\u00ed daleko do minulosti. U\u017e v antick\u00e9m \u0158\u00edm\u011b se toti\u017e pr\u00e1v\u011b 14. \u00fanora slavil den bohyn\u011b Juno a past\u00fd\u0159sk\u00e9ho\u00a0boha Luperca, kte\u0159\u00ed byli v pohansk\u00e9 mytologii pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za ochr\u00e1nce man\u017eelstv\u00ed a rodiny. \u017deny v rodin\u011b u\u017e tenkr\u00e1t dost\u00e1valy b\u011bhem jejich sv\u00e1tku kv\u011btinov\u00e9 dary. <\/span><\/h6>\n

V p\u0159\u00edstavn\u00edch m\u011bstech m\u00edval Valent\u00fdn\u016fv sv\u00e1tek je\u0161t\u011b jeden zcela jin\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Cechy mo\u0159eplavc\u016f, kupc\u016f a \u0159emesln\u00edk\u016f i jin\u00e1 bratrstva se pr\u00e1v\u011b 14. \u00fanora sch\u00e1zely ke spole\u010dn\u00e9mu stolov\u00e1n\u00ed. A existuje je\u0161t\u011b jedna starobyl\u00e1 legenda kolem Valent\u00fdnova sv\u00e1tku. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1valo se, \u017ee si svobodn\u00e1 d\u00edvka vezme za mu\u017ee chlapce, kter\u00e9ho 14. \u00fanora potk\u00e1 jako prvn\u00edho. Mlad\u00ed mu\u017ei, kte\u0159\u00ed si u\u017e na n\u011bkterou d\u00edvku mysleli, se j\u00ed proto sna\u017eili darovat co nejd\u0159\u00edve r\u00e1no toho dne kytici kv\u011bt\u016f. <\/span><\/p>\n

I kdy\u017e se dnes mnoz\u00ed lid\u00e9 na sv\u00e1tek sv. Valent\u00fdna d\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jako na zvyk importovan\u00fd ze Z\u00e1padu, ve skute\u010dnosti m\u00e1 ryze evropsk\u00e9 ko\u0159eny. Sv\u00e1tek sv. Valent\u00fdna k n\u00e1m p\u0159i\u0161el z anglosask\u00fdch zem\u00ed, m\u00e1 symbolizovat oslavu l\u00e1sky. <\/span><\/p>\n

Sv\u00e1tek zamilovan\u00fdch se slav\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok 14. \u00fanora, v den, kdy m\u00e1 sv\u00e1tek Valent\u00fdn. Mnoho lid\u00ed hled\u00e1 p\u016fvod tohoto sv\u00e1tku v USA, to je v\u0161ak omyl. Ale pokud jde o Valent\u00fdna \u2013 pro\u010d nevybo\u010dit z obvykl\u00e9 rutiny kv\u011btin a \u010dokol\u00e1dy? R\u016f\u017ee je jeden ze symbol\u016f Valent\u00fdna. Jedn\u00e1 se o nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dar pro milovanou \u017eenu v tento sv\u00e1tek. Tradice t\u00e9to kv\u011btiny sah\u00e1 a\u017e hluboko do minulosti. Karel II. na po\u010d\u00e1tku 18. stolet\u00ed p\u0159ivezl r\u016f\u017ei do Evropy. \u017deny si ji okam\u017eit\u011b zamilovaly. \u010cerven\u00e1 r\u016f\u017ee byla nav\u00edc up\u0159ednost\u0148ov\u00e1na Venu\u0161\u00ed, \u0159\u00edmskou bohyn\u00ed l\u00e1sky. \u010cokol\u00e1da se tak\u00e9 \u0159ad\u00ed mezi symboly l\u00e1sky, kter\u00e9 se daruj\u00ed na Valent\u00fdna. L\u00e9ka\u0159i v 19. stolet\u00ed doporu\u010dovali sv\u00fdm pacient\u016fm \u010dokol\u00e1du jako l\u00e9k na zklidn\u011bn\u00ed touhy po l\u00e1sce a sexu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Valent\u00fdn byl kn\u011bzem v dob\u011b c\u00edsa\u0159e Klaudia II. Byl to \u010dlov\u011bk velice moudr\u00fd a po\u010destn\u00fd. Naproti tomu c\u00edsa\u0159 Klaudius II. byl krut\u00fd a nemilosrdn\u00fd. Jeho velk\u00fdm c\u00edlem byla obrovsk\u00e1 siln\u00e1 a nep\u0159emo\u017eiteln\u00e1 arm\u00e1da, kter\u00e1 by mu vybojovala titul nejmocn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho c\u00edsa\u0159e. Voj\u00e1kem v jeho arm\u00e1d\u011b se mohl st\u00e1t ka\u017ed\u00fd mlad\u00fd, siln\u00fd a svobodn\u00fd mu\u017e. Ke zklam\u00e1n\u00ed c\u00edsa\u0159e, se ale mnoho mlad\u00fdch mu\u017e\u016f do arm\u00e1dy nehl\u00e1silo. Klaudius II. si to vysv\u011btloval po sv\u00e9m a myslel si, \u017ee mlad\u00ed mu\u017ei se rad\u011bji odd\u00e1vaj\u00ed l\u00e1sk\u00e1m a na boje nemaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 chu\u0165, proto se k n\u011bmu nehl\u00e1s\u00ed. Jeho rozho\u0159\u010den\u00ed a zklam\u00e1n\u00ed bylo tak velik\u00e9, \u017ee se rozhodl zak\u00e1zat v\u0161echny s\u0148atky. <\/span><\/p>\n

Valent\u00fdn byl v t\u00e9 dob\u011b kn\u011bzem v kostele a hluboce v\u011b\u0159il nejen v Boha, ale i v l\u00e1sku. S\u00e1m ji nikdy neza\u017eil, ale v\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee jestli mu jednoho dne zk\u0159\u00ed\u017e\u00ed cestu jist\u011b ji pozn\u00e1 a uchov\u00e1 ve sv\u00e9m srdci nav\u017edy. Jako\u017eto velice moudr\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk hned poznal, \u017ee Klaudiuv z\u00e1kaz je nesmysln\u00fd a rozhodl se, \u017ee ho dodr\u017eovat nebude a \u0161\u0165astn\u00e9 zamilovan\u00e9 p\u00e1ry bude d\u00e1l odd\u00e1vat ve jm\u00e9nu l\u00e1sky. Jednou v noci, kdy\u017e Valent\u00fdn tajn\u011b odd\u00e1val mlad\u00fd p\u00e1r, vtrhli voj\u00e1ci k n\u011bmu do kostela a zajali ho. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed dva mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 stihli ut\u00e9ct. Klaudius uvrhli Valent\u00fdna do \u017eal\u00e1\u0159e, aby mu nemohl hatit jeho pl\u00e1ny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Valent\u00fdn byl ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fd, proto\u017ee v\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee se u\u017e do kostela nevr\u00e1t\u00ed. Jednou, se ale stalo n\u011bco velmi zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho. U oken a dve\u0159\u00ed \u017eal\u00e1\u0159e se za\u010daly objevovat dopisy a drobn\u00e9 d\u00e1rky od t\u011bch, kter\u00fdm Valent\u00fdn pomohl navzdory z\u00e1kazu, kter\u00fd byl vyd\u00e1n. Byly to dopisy a d\u00e1rky od mlad\u00fdch zamilovan\u00fdch p\u00e1r\u016f, kter\u00fdm Valent\u00fdn pomohl zpe\u010detit jejich l\u00e1sku. D\u00e1vali mu t\u00edm najevo, \u017ee i p\u0159es nesmysln\u00fd z\u00e1kaz v\u0161ichni st\u00e1le hluboce v\u011b\u0159\u00ed v l\u00e1sku jako on. Valent\u00fdnovi to dod\u00e1valo s\u00edly k tomu, aby p\u0159e\u017eil krut\u00fd \u017eal\u00e1\u0159. Dcera \u017eal\u00e1\u0159n\u00edka, kter\u00fd d\u00e1val na Valent\u00fdna pozor si vynutila tak\u00e9 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu u kn\u011bze. Jakmile ji Valent\u00fdn spat\u0159il okam\u017eit\u011b se do n\u00ed zamiloval a v\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee ji bude milovat a\u017e do smrti. V den jeho popravy, tedy 14. \u00fanora 269 p\u0159.n.l., zanechal mlad\u00e9 d\u00edvce dopis, v kter\u00e9m se j\u00ed ze sv\u00e9 l\u00e1sky vyznal a podepsal jej: \u201eOd Tv\u00e9ho Valent\u00fdna\u201c. <\/span><\/p>\n

T\u011blo sv\u011btce bylo patrn\u011b poh\u0159beno v \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch katakomb\u00e1ch, nad nimi\u017e pozd\u011bji vznikla bazilika, \u010d\u00e1sti jeho ostatk\u016f se v\u0161ak ji\u017e v dob\u00e1ch st\u0159edov\u011bku objevily v mnoha evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch. U n\u00e1s k nim pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159. kost z lopatky, kter\u00e1 je dnes sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed barokn\u00edho relikvi\u00e1\u0159e v Praze na Vy\u0161ehrad\u011b, kter\u00fd b\u00fdv\u00e1 vystavov\u00e1n v den sv. Valent\u00fdna. Dal\u0161\u00ed relikvie by m\u011bly b\u00fdt ulo\u017eeny na Pra\u017esk\u00e9m hrad\u011b i na Karl\u0161tejn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed historicky dolo\u017eenou valent\u00fdnku zaslal sv\u00e9 \u017een\u011b v roce 1415 francouzsk\u00fd v\u00e9voda Karel Orle\u00e1nsk\u00fd, kter\u00e9ho zajali v bitv\u011b u Azincourtu a v\u011bznili v lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9m Toweru. Odtud pos\u00edlal man\u017eelce milostn\u00e9 b\u00e1sn\u011b, z nich\u017e se jich asi \u0161edes\u00e1t zachovalo, k vid\u011bn\u00ed jsou v Britsk\u00e9m muzeu.<\/span><\/p>\n


\nZdroj: Tradice svat\u00fdch<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

(Z cyklu Star\u00e1 \u0160umava)<\/p>\n

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  Ko\u0159eny <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":184446,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/11\/r\u00e1me\u010dek-valenr\u00fdn.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122899"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=122899"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122899\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":184447,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122899\/revisions\/184447"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/184446"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=122899"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=122899"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=122899"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}