{"id":122870,"date":"2019-03-05T19:42:37","date_gmt":"2019-03-05T18:42:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=122870"},"modified":"2019-03-05T19:42:37","modified_gmt":"2019-03-05T18:42:37","slug":"stara-sumava-masopustni-popelecni-streda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=122870","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Masopustn\u00ed Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159eda"},"content":{"rendered":"

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A\u0165 u\u017e jste v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed, nebo ne, asi v\u00edte, \u017ee jaro, respektive dobu p\u0159ed Velikonocemi m\u011bli na\u0161i p\u0159edkov\u00e9 spojenou s odep\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm si pozemsk\u00fdch radost\u00ed a s postn\u00edm obdob\u00edm. M\u011blo to sv\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed, ale i praktick\u00fd z\u00e1klad: na sklonku zimy a za\u010d\u00e1tkem jara doch\u00e1zely z\u00e1soby potravin, slab\u0161\u00ed jedinci mnohdy zem\u0159eli kv\u016fli nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fd\u017eiv\u011b. V\u0161ichni lid\u00e9 svorn\u011b vyhl\u00ed\u017eeli jaro a prvn\u00ed rostliny a ml\u00e1\u010fata, kter\u00e1 by se dala sn\u00edst.<\/h6>\n

Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edou \u2013 se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 \u010dty\u0159icetidenn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edprava na Velikonoce \u2013 doba postn\u00ed. A nad na\u0161imi hlavami zazn\u00ed: \u201ePamatuj, \u010dlov\u011b\u010de, \u017ee jsi prach a v prach se obr\u00e1t\u00ed\u0161!\u201c<\/em> Spojen\u00ed lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota a popele n\u00e1s v my\u0161lenk\u00e1ch bezd\u011bky zav\u00e1d\u00ed na h\u0159bitovy. To jsou m\u00edsta, kde slova \u201eprach a popel\u201c<\/em> dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159.<\/p>\n

Po vesel\u00e9m masopustn\u00ed obdob\u00ed nast\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010das \u00fatlumu, \u010dili p\u016fstu. Ten za\u010d\u00ednal na Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edu, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ipadne letos na 6. b\u0159ezna. Vesnick\u00e1 pospolitost se z\u00fa\u010dastnila symbolick\u00e9ho, humorn\u00e9ho poh\u0159bu. V ten den bylo v\u00edc dovoleno \u017een\u00e1m. Tento den volali i \u0160kared\u00e1 st\u0159eda, nebo\u0165 v\u0161echny \u017eeny m\u011bly sv\u00e1tek. Byl to \u010das, kdy pojedli maso z ro\u010dn\u00edch a lednov\u00fdch zabija\u010dek a je\u0161t\u011b nep\u0159i\u0161el \u010das ml\u00e1\u010fat koz, \u010di ber\u00e1nk\u016f.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1zev dne poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze zvyku p\u00e1lit palmy nebo ko\u010di\u010dky z Kv\u011btn\u00e9 ned\u011ble z lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku. Takto z\u00edskan\u00fd popel se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i bohoslu\u017eb\u011b Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edy, kdy jsou v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed poznamen\u00e1ni k\u0159\u00ed\u017ekem, popelem na \u010delo. Pro\u010d vlastn\u011b m\u00e1 Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159eda, prvn\u00ed den katolick\u00e9ho p\u016fstu, lidov\u00e9 pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161kared\u00e1? \u0160kared\u00e1\/Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159eda souvis\u00ed s pojmem masopust.<\/p>\n

Tradice masopustu jako jedn\u00e9 z nejstarod\u00e1vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch karnevalov\u00fdch tradic uv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edchodu jara v den rovnodennosti sah\u00e1 a\u017e do pohanstv\u00ed. Epiteton \u0161kared\u00e1 \u201anep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1, mrzut\u00e1, nevl\u00eddn\u00e1\u2018 dostala v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b prvn\u00ed st\u0159eda katolick\u00e9ho velikono\u010dn\u00edho postu snad proto, \u017ee byla pronikav\u00fdm kontrastem k p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edmu masopustn\u00edmu \u00fater\u00fd, srov.: \u201ePo masopustn\u00edm \u00fater\u00fd ku se st\u0159eda \u0161kared\u00ed.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Nastal p\u016fst. R\u00e1no jdou v\u0161ichni osadn\u00edci do chr\u00e1mu pro \u201epopelec\u201c, aby si p\u0159ipomn\u011bli \u201emarnost sv\u011bta\u201c<\/em>. V dom\u00e1cnostech zahost\u00ed se klid, zp\u00edvaj\u00ed se postn\u00ed p\u00edsn\u011b\u2026 Prost\u00fd tmav\u00fd \u0161at, sv\u011bdomit\u00fd p\u016fst byly hlavn\u00ed zn\u00e1mky nast\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho postu. Mnoz\u00ed od\u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed se \u0161\u0148up\u00e1n\u00ed, kou\u0159en\u00ed i ko\u0159alky. Na \u201e\u0161karedou\u201c st\u0159edu, jak tak\u00e9 popele\u010dn\u00ed n\u011bkde \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, ust\u00e1valo se v p\u0159eden\u00ed\u2026 Zn\u00e1m\u00e9 je r\u010den\u00ed “Na \u0161karedou st\u0159edu u\u017e ner\u00e1da p\u0159edu\u2026\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

A je\u0161t\u011b jednu pov\u011bst: Masopust, ten nejveselej\u0161\u00ed ze v\u0161ech sv\u00e1tk\u016f v kalend\u00e1\u0159i, se za star\u00fdch dob slavil v ka\u017ed\u00e9 vesnici. Masopustn\u00ed tancova\u010dka m\u00e1 pr\u00fd kon\u010dit o p\u016fl noci p\u0159ed popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edou. V \u010dertovinsk\u00e9 hospod\u011b se v\u0161ak \u010dasto st\u00e1valo, \u017ee lid\u00e9 cht\u011bli tancovat i daleko p\u0159es p\u016flnoc, a proto p\u0159epl\u00e1celi muzikanty, aby hr\u00e1li d\u00e1l. Tal\u00ed\u0159 p\u0159ed nimi byl st\u00e1le pln\u00fd pen\u011bz, a tak muzikanti hr\u00e1li a hr\u00e1li. Jednou zase byla popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159eda a bylo u\u017e daleko po p\u016flnoci, kdy\u017e na dvo\u0159e hospody zastavily t\u0159i \u010dern\u00e9 ko\u010d\u00e1ry. T\u00e1hli je \u010dern\u00ed kon\u011b a v ka\u017ed\u00e9m z ko\u010d\u00e1r\u016f sed\u011bli dva \u010dern\u00ed p\u00e1ni. Ti vz\u00e1p\u011bt\u00ed ve\u0161li do s\u00e1lu, kde se pustili do tance, nad n\u00edm\u017e v\u0161ak v\u0161ichni p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00ed vrt\u011bli hlavou. Tane\u010dn\u00edci byli hned v jednom kout\u011b, hned zas ve druh\u00e9m, sp\u00ed\u0161 se vzn\u00e1\u0161eli, ne\u017e \u0161lapali po zemi, a tak jich bylo v\u0161ude plno. Ostatn\u00ed tancuj\u00edc\u00ed pomalu odpadali, proto\u017ee jejich tempu nesta\u010dili, anebo byli t\u011bmi podivn\u00fdmi tane\u010dn\u00edky z kola vystr\u010deni. \u010cern\u00ed p\u00e1ni st\u00e1le zvy\u0161ovali tempo, av\u0161ak co chv\u00edli n\u011bkter\u00fd z nich p\u0159itan\u010dil k tal\u00ed\u0159i s pen\u011bzi pro muzikanty a tu do n\u011bj bouchl, tu str\u010dil, tak\u017ee si muzikanti d\u011blali nad\u011bje, \u017ee na tal\u00ed\u0159i st\u00e1le p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 pen\u011bz. V\u0161ichni se u\u017e vid\u011bli, jak se o pen\u00edze d\u011bl\u00ed. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b se n\u011bkter\u00fdm z nich honily hlavou v\u0161emo\u017en\u00e9 \u00favahy o t\u011bch divn\u00fdch p\u00e1nech i obavy, co bude d\u00e1l. Nakonec trumpetista Hoz\u00e1k \u0159ekl: “Ho\u0161i, hrajte po\u0159\u00e1d d\u00e1l, ale rad\u0161i se ani moc nerozhl\u00ed\u017eejte, a\u0165 se d\u011bje, co se d\u011bje!” Ostatn\u00ed poslechli a hr\u00e1li, ani se ned\u00edvali na noty, a\u017e postupn\u011b samou \u00fanavou i strachem usnuli. Kdy\u017e nehr\u00e1la hudba, lid\u00e9 se za\u010dali trousit dom\u016f, a tak u\u017e ani nevid\u011bli, jak v\u0161em muzikant\u016fm za\u010daly z rukou vypad\u00e1vat n\u00e1stroje. Spali a\u017e do r\u00e1na, ale jak se probudili, hnali se nejd\u0159\u00edve k tal\u00ed\u0159i s pen\u011bzi. Jejich p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed v\u0161ak bylo nemil\u00e9, nebyla na n\u011bm ani jedna mince, byl pln\u00fd ko\u0148sk\u00fdch homolek.<\/em><\/p>\n

Od t\u00e9 doby se vesnici za\u010dalo \u0159\u00edkat \u010certovina, proto\u017ee ti \u010dern\u00ed p\u00e1ni pr\u00fd byli \u010derti.<\/p>\n

Zdroj: J. Spilka, Rukopisn\u00e1 sb\u00edrka staro\u010desk\u00fdch pranostik, \u010cesk\u00fd lid 51, 1964, s. 314. Cic\u00e1k Petr z dostupn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  A\u0165 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":153649,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/25\/r\u00e1me\u010dek-popele\u0161n\u00ed-sr\u0159eda-xx.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122870"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=122870"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122870\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":153650,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122870\/revisions\/153650"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/153649"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=122870"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=122870"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=122870"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}