{"id":122799,"date":"2019-03-04T22:14:51","date_gmt":"2019-03-04T21:14:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=122799"},"modified":"2019-03-04T22:14:51","modified_gmt":"2019-03-04T21:14:51","slug":"stara-sumava-masopustni-utery","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=122799","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Masopustn\u00ed \u00fater\u00fd"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Hospoda byla vd\u011b\u010dn\u00fdm z\u00e1zem\u00edm masopustn\u00edch veselic. P\u0159ed obch\u016fzkami byl v hospod\u011b volen za masopusta nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010deled\u00edn. Ten si vybral dev\u011bt hejtman\u016f, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bl sv\u016fj \u00fa\u0159ad. Po po\u017eehn\u00e1n\u00ed se vy\u0161lo z hospody spolu s muzikanty a masopust se vydal na obch\u016fzku s lahv\u00ed rosolky (sladk\u00e9 lihoviny) a tal\u00ed\u0159em p\u0159ikryt\u00fdm ozdobn\u00fdm \u0161\u00e1tkem.<\/h6>\n

Kdy\u017e rej do\u0161el ke staven\u00ed, vkro\u010dil do n\u011bj prvn\u00ed masopust, aby se p\u0159edstavil hospod\u00e1\u0159i a hospodyni. Pop\u0159\u00e1l jim vesel\u00fd masopust, po\u010dastoval hostitele alkoholem a pot\u00e9 od nich nepohrdl d\u00e1rkem. Jakmile hospod\u00e1\u0159 ulo\u017eil na tal\u00ed\u0159 pen\u00edze, dovolil masopust vstoupit do domu i ostatn\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Potom nastal prav\u00fd masopustn\u00ed rej, kdy se dostali ke slovu hejtmani. Prvn\u00ed vyt\u00e1\u010del hospodyni Je\u010dm\u00ednek, za to dostal je\u010dmen. Po n\u011bm p\u0159i\u0161el na \u0159adu masa\u0159, jen\u017e ulovil kus uzen\u00e9ho. A pak se st\u0159\u00eddali P\u0161eni\u010dn\u00edk, \u017ditn\u00fd, Chleba\u0159, Mlyn\u00e1\u0159, Vaje\u010dn\u00edk, Brambor a kone\u010dn\u011b \u017eid, jen\u017e s darem neb\u00fdval nikdy spokojen. Podobn\u00e9 obch\u00e1zen\u00ed trvalo a\u017e do ve\u010dera, tak\u017ee si dok\u00e1\u017eete p\u0159edstavit, jak\u00fd musel b\u00fdt o post masopustn\u00edho hejtmana na Jiho\u010desku z\u00e1jem.<\/p>\n

Loudit po dom\u00e1cnostech obil\u00ed, \u0161i\u0161ky (podlouhl\u00e9 koblihy) nebo t\u00e9\u017e pen\u00edze chod\u00edvaly v z\u00e1padn\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch po vsi vora\u010dky (ma\u0161kary). Vora\u010dky p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed oby\u010dejn\u011b \u017eida, sedl\u00e1ka, b\u00e1bu, Tyrola (s vysokou \u010depic\u00ed, s b\u00edl\u00fdm od\u011bvem, oby\u010dejn\u011b ko\u0161il\u00ed p\u0159es vrchn\u00ed \u0161aty), kozu a komin\u00edka. P\u0159i rej\u00edch nesm\u011bla chyb\u011bt hudba, tyhle t\u0159i posledn\u00ed masopustn\u00ed dny se skoro v\u0161ude tan\u010dilo.<\/p>\n

K muzice ve\u010der chod\u00edvaly v\u0161ecky vora\u010dky, tan\u010dily n\u011bkolik p\u00edsni\u010dek spolu a pak zase ode\u0161ly. Kdy\u017e u\u017e byl tanec ve\u010der v nejlep\u0161\u00edm proudu, posadilo se n\u011bkolik hoch\u016f doprost\u0159ed tane\u010dn\u00edho s\u00e1lu na \u017eidli s jedn\u00edm tal\u00ed\u0159em na pen\u00edze a lahv\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed ko\u0159alky. Hudebn\u00edci hr\u00e1li a ostatn\u00ed ho\u0161i k nim p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u011bli d\u00edvky, aby na tal\u00ed\u0159 pokl\u00e1daly pen\u00edze. Za to dostaly nap\u00edt a pak se tan\u010dilo d\u00e1l. Pen\u00edze, kter\u00e9 se vybraly, se daly muzikant\u016fm.<\/p>\n

Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0160umavy bylo v minulosti velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed obc\u00ed s p\u0159evahou n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho obyvatelstva, kde prob\u00edhalo masopustn\u00ed obdob\u00ed podobn\u011b vesele jako v \u201e\u010desk\u00fdch\u201c vesnic\u00edch. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed oslav v \u201en\u011bmeck\u00fdch\u201c obc\u00edch byly stejn\u011b jako ve vesnic\u00edch \u201e\u010desk\u00fdch\u201c tane\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1bavy, kter\u00e9 za\u010d\u00ednaly na masopustn\u00ed sobotu. P\u0159i prvn\u00edm tanci, bylo d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby d\u00edvka nesed\u011bla, proto\u017ee pak by netan\u010dila ani ve zbyl\u00fdch dnech masopustu.<\/p>\n

Pokud se j\u00ed nepoda\u0159ilo zatancovat si, musela se, pokud cht\u011bla tancovat na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1bav\u011b, \u201evykoupit\u201c zaplacen\u00edm \u201evkladu\u201c (\u201eEinlegen\u201c). To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee d\u011bv\u010data musela o pond\u011bl\u00ed masopustn\u00edm slo\u017eit ml\u00e1denc\u016fm pen\u00edze. Vklad byl zah\u00e1jen v dev\u011bt ve\u010der, kdy byl do s\u00e1lu postaven st\u016fl s ubrusem, dv\u011bma sv\u00edcny se sv\u00ed\u010dkami, tal\u00ed\u0159em a lahv\u00ed v\u00edna. Ke stolu si sedli \u010dty\u0159i nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159i z obce a po stran\u00e1ch stolu se postavili dva ml\u00e1denci.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e za\u010dala hudba hr\u00e1t, ml\u00e1denci za\u010dali kolem stolu tancovat tanec \u201eEinlegel\u00e4ndler\u201c. Ta z d\u011bv\u010dat, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla s sebou nejv\u00edce pen\u011bz, p\u0159istoupila k jednomu z ml\u00e1denc\u016f a obtan\u010dila s n\u00edm dvakr\u00e1t st\u016fl. Za tento tanec pak polo\u017eila pen\u00edze na tal\u00ed\u0159 mezi sv\u00edcny. Ml\u00e1denec, kter\u00fd s n\u00ed tan\u010dil, j\u00ed za to nalil poh\u00e1r v\u00edna. Ze z\u00edskan\u00fdch pen\u011bz se zaplatilo muzikant\u016fm, za s\u00e1l a zbytek se projedl a propil. Tohoto zvyku se \u00fa\u010dastnili pouze svobodn\u00ed. Po \u201evkladu\u201c n\u00e1sledoval tanec pro \u017eenat\u00e9. N\u011bkde byl \u201evklad\u201c obohacen o dal\u0161\u00ed prvky.<\/p>\n

V n\u011bkter\u00fdch oblastech p\u0159inesla svobodn\u00e1 d\u011bv\u010data do s\u00e1lu na ty\u010di navle\u010den\u00fd v\u011bnec z chvoj\u00ed, kter\u00fd byl ozdoben pestr\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkov\u00fdmi stuhami p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b ve \u017elut\u00e9 a modr\u00e9 barv\u011b. Tak\u00e9 v \u201en\u011bmeck\u00fdch\u201c obc\u00edch chodily o masopustn\u00edm pond\u011bl\u00ed ma\u0161kary, z nich\u017e k popul\u00e1rn\u00edm pat\u0159ila p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm b\u00e1ba se strumou (\u201eKropfawei\u201c, spisovn\u011b Kropfweib). Dal\u0161\u00ed masky se prakticky neli\u0161ily od \u201ema\u0161kar\u201c v \u010desk\u00fdch pr\u016fvodech.<\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b tak poh\u0159b\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed masopusta v podob\u011b slam\u011bn\u00e9ho pan\u00e1ka prob\u00edhalo na Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edu vhozen\u00edm do vody. Na masopustn\u00ed \u00fater\u00fd se slepic\u00edm sypalo zrn\u00ed do kruhu z \u0159et\u011bzu, aby nezabloudily a nezan\u00e1\u0161ely. V tent\u00fd\u017e den se nem\u011blo v\u011b\u0161et pr\u00e1dlo na p\u016fdu, nebo\u0165 to pr\u00fd vedlo k p\u0159emno\u017een\u00ed blech. \u017deny nesm\u011bly \u0161\u00edt, aby slepice dob\u0159e nesly.<\/p>\n

Masopustem kon\u010dil tanec a tan\u010dit se sm\u011blo a\u017e zase v kv\u011btnu p\u0159i stav\u011bn\u00ed m\u00e1j\u00ed a pot\u00e9 a\u017e zadlouho o podzimn\u00edm posv\u00edcen\u00ed. Tyto star\u00e9 zvyklosti se dodr\u017eovaly jen zhruba do sklonku 19. stolet\u00ed, pak se na n\u011b ji\u017e m\u00e1lo dbalo. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161ude kon\u010dila masopustn\u00ed z\u00e1bava p\u0159esn\u011b o p\u016flnoci. Tehdy zatroubil ponocn\u00fd na roh a rycht\u00e1\u0159 \u010di n\u011bkdo z radn\u00edch v\u0161echny vyzval, aby se v klidu roze\u0161li dom\u016f, proto\u017ee nastala st\u0159eda a s n\u00ed p\u0159edvelikono\u010dn\u00ed p\u016fst. N\u011bkde zakon\u010dili o p\u016flnoci muziku “pochov\u00e1n\u00edm basy” (symbol toho, \u017ee v postu si hudebn\u00edci nezahraj\u00ed), jinde o p\u016flnoci pochov\u00e1vali Baccha. Lid\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee pokud budou o masopustu tancovat p\u0159es p\u016flnoc, objev\u00ed se mezi nimi \u010f\u00e1bel, \u010dasto jako cizinec v zelen\u00e9m kab\u00e1t\u011b.<\/p>\n

Zdroj: Z\u00edbrt, \u010cen\u011bk: Masopust dr\u017e\u00edme\u2026, F. \u0160im\u00e1\u010dek, Praha 1910.<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  Hospoda <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":153642,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/25\/r\u00e1me\u010dek-masopustn\u00ed-\u00fater\u00fd.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122799"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=122799"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122799\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":153643,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122799\/revisions\/153643"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/153642"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=122799"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=122799"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=122799"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}