{"id":120115,"date":"2020-01-16T13:09:50","date_gmt":"2020-01-16T12:09:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=120115"},"modified":"2020-01-16T13:09:50","modified_gmt":"2020-01-16T12:09:50","slug":"stara-sumava-brabenari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=120115","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Braben\u00e1\u0159i"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u201e\u2026po v\u0161ech jeho kon\u010detin\u00e1ch\u2026 chvatn\u011b pob\u00edhaj\u00ed nahoru a dol\u016f, sem a tam, nespo\u010detn\u00ed mravenci.\u201c<\/em>
\nPracovn\u00ed sez\u00f3na nastala \u0161umavsk\u00fdm braben\u00e1\u0159\u016fm zjara. Braben\u00e1\u0159e si p\u0159edstavte jako mu\u017ee v roztrhan\u00fdch \u0161atech. Pozn\u00e1vac\u00edm znamen\u00edm byly siln\u00e9 pun\u010dochy, a to i v letn\u00edm obdob\u00ed. Poka\u017ed\u00e9 s sebou nosil velk\u00fd pytel. Tento na prvn\u00ed pohled vandr\u00e1k m\u011bl v\u0161ak \u017e\u00e1danou pr\u00e1ci.<\/h6>\n

Braben\u00e1\u0159 se vypravoval do lesa, kde sb\u00edral mraven\u010d\u00ed kukly. Bohat\u00fdm obyvatel\u016fm m\u011bst je prod\u00e1val jako\u00a0krmen\u00ed pro pt\u00e1ky. V 15. stolet\u00ed chovali m\u011b\u0161\u0165an\u00e9 v klec\u00edch zp\u011bvn\u00e9 pt\u00e1ky. V mnoha oknech tehdy visely p\u011bkn\u00e9 klece se slav\u00edky, kan\u00e1rky, h\u00fdly, kosy \u010di sk\u0159ivany. Mraven\u010d\u00ed kukly pr\u00fd byly ta nejlep\u0161\u00ed strava pro spolehliv\u00e9 pta\u010d\u00ed v\u00fdkony, a kdo cht\u011bl, aby jeho pt\u00e1\u010dek trylkoval, krmil ho pr\u00e1v\u011b touto stravou. Z mravenc\u016f z\u00edsk\u00e1vali kyselinu mraven\u010d\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se pou\u017e\u00edvala na \u010din\u011bn\u00ed jemn\u00fdch ko\u017eek a na v\u00fdrobu lihu. Z mravenc\u016f se taky p\u0159ipravovaly masti\u010dky na bolesti kloub\u016f, opuchliny a omrzliny.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159i sb\u011bru mraven\u010d\u00edch kukel musel nejprve braben\u00e1\u0159 otev\u0159\u00edt horn\u00ed vrstvy mraveni\u0161t\u011b. V t\u011bch se obvykle nach\u00e1zela vaj\u00ed\u010dka. Tuto vrstvu pak pros\u00edval p\u0159es s\u00edtko, pod kter\u00e9 rozprost\u0159el \u0161\u00e1tek. Na n\u011bj p\u0159i tom propad\u00e1valy kukly i s mravenci. C\u00edpy \u0161\u00e1tku pot\u00e9 naho\u0159e sv\u00e1zal, aby mravenci neunikli ven a mohli pod p\u0159idan\u00e9 chrast\u00ed nakl\u00e1st dal\u0161\u00ed vaj\u00ed\u010dka. a n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed sb\u00edrali nav\u00edc jepice, kter\u00e9 chytali tak, \u017ee zapalovali ohn\u011b, kolem nich rozlo\u017eili plachty a pak tento hmyz, kter\u00fd si plameny pop\u00e1lil k\u0159\u00eddla, sypali do p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 n\u00e1doby. <\/span><\/p>\n

Leniv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed braben\u00e1\u0159i vym\u00fd\u0161leli nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zlep\u0161ov\u00e1ky. Kdy\u017e nap\u0159\u00edklad proseli jednu v\u00e1rku mraveni\u0161t\u011b, vytvo\u0159ili kruhov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edkop a naplnili ho vodou. Na ostr\u016fvku vznikl\u00e9m uprost\u0159ed vyhrabali d\u00edru. Tu naplnili ro\u0161t\u00edm. Mravenci automaticky nosili sv\u00e9 kukly tam. Pot\u00e9 sta\u010dilo ro\u0161t\u00ed vypr\u00e1zdnit do pytle. Za jeden den nasb\u00edral braben\u00e1\u0159 i p\u011bt kilogram\u016f vaj\u00ed\u010dek. Vyd\u011bl\u00e1val tak v\u00edc ne\u017e zedn\u00edk, tak to byl v\u00fdnosn\u00fd obchod. Do sedmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch let 20. stolet\u00ed si v Rakousku braly rodiny v l\u00e9t\u011b volno a sb\u011brem kukl\u00ed si vyd\u011blali na televizor. Na n\u011bj by norm\u00e1ln\u011b museli spo\u0159it jeden rok! <\/span><\/p>\n

Braben\u00e1\u0159i \u010dasto trp\u011bli na mraven\u010d\u00ed kousance a m\u011bli ruce \u201e\u017eiv\u00e9 maso\u201c, proto se pro ochranu nat\u00edrali nap\u0159\u00edklad bezinkovou \u0161\u0165\u00e1vou. Lesn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady nakonec zak\u00e1zaly povol\u00e1n\u00ed braben\u00e1\u0159e kv\u016fli \u00fabytku mravenc\u016f, aby nebyla naru\u0161ena lesn\u00ed rovnov\u00e1ha. Prvn\u00ed zm\u00ednka o ochran\u011b mravenc\u016f je zn\u00e1ma ji\u017e z Pruska. Podle z\u00e1kona ze dne 1.
\ndubna 1880, hroz\u00ed pokuta 100 marek nebo 4 t\u00fddny v\u011bzen\u00ed za sb\u011br mravenc\u016f, jejich kukel nebo po\u0161kozov\u00e1n\u00ed jejich hn\u00edzd na lesn\u00edch pozemc\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n


\nZdroj: Sv\u011btem jdouc\u00ed, Bed\u0159ich Moravec<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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