{"id":118993,"date":"2020-01-01T23:36:52","date_gmt":"2020-01-01T22:36:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=118993"},"modified":"2020-01-01T23:36:52","modified_gmt":"2020-01-01T22:36:52","slug":"stara-sumava-nuse-z-loubku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=118993","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: N\u016f\u0161e z loubk\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Den co den bylo vid\u011bt jejich shrben\u00e9 \u017eensk\u00e9 postavy, jak po cel\u00e9 hodiny shroma\u017e\u010fovan\u00fd n\u00e1klad s n\u00e1mahou a vzdechy p\u0159epravuj\u00ed\u00a0dom\u016f a\u0165 u\u017e v n\u016f\u0161i \u010di krosn\u011b na sv\u00fdch z\u00e1dech, nebo p\u0159ed sebou v traka\u0159i. Jak\u00e1 radost, kdy\u017e kone\u010dn\u011b slo\u017eily sv\u016fj n\u00e1klad p\u0159ed d\u0159ev\u011bnou ch\u00fd\u0161ku a mohly bez starost\u00ed hled\u011bt vst\u0159\u00edc dlouh\u00e9 a krut\u00e9 zim\u011b!<\/span><\/h6>\n


\nKdysi se pletlo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v ka\u017ed\u00e9 chalup\u011b. Lid\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvali dostupn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly k pletli roho\u017e\u00ed, zateplov\u00e1n\u00ed dom\u016f a v\u00fdrob\u011b p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f denn\u00ed pot\u0159eby. Odjak\u017eiva zpracov\u00e1valo p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vrbov\u00e9 prout\u00ed, m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasto sl\u00e1ma, orobinec a d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 loubky. <\/span>Dnes ko\u0161\u00edk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed upad\u00e1 do zapomn\u011bn\u00ed a u\u017eivit se j\u00edm prakticky ned\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dom\u00e1c\u00ed rukod\u011bln\u00e1 v\u00fdroba zpracov\u00e1vala a vyu\u017e\u00edvala p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u0159eva ze \u0161umavsk\u00fdch les\u016f jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed suroviny ke zhotovov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed, n\u00e1\u010din\u00ed, n\u00e1bytku, sirek . P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed materi\u00e1l byl dostupn\u00fd a nebyl ani n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u00fdroba p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f z tohoto materi\u00e1lu umo\u017e\u0148ovala i v\u00fdrobu pro prodej na trz\u00edch a jarmarc\u00edch, co p\u0159ineslo alespo\u0148 n\u011bjak\u00fd pen\u00edz, tolik pot\u0159ebn\u00fd k ob\u017eiv\u011b. V\u00fdroba p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f z p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f byla v\u011bt\u0161inou roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ena mezi bezzemci, kte\u0159\u00ed v zimn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch nemohli naj\u00edt pr\u00e1ci. <\/span><\/p>\n

V minulosti b\u00fdvaly n\u016f\u0161e v\u0161eobecn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm prost\u0159edkem k p\u0159eprav\u011b tr\u00e1vy, sena, d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed, ovoce, zeleniny, pe\u010diva, \u0159emesln\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f aj., podobn\u011b jako krosny p\u0159edstavovaly d\u016fle\u017eitou pom\u016fcku, umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed venkovsk\u00e9mu obyvatelstvu \u010di podomn\u00edm obchodn\u00edk\u016fm dopravovat zbo\u017e\u00ed na trh a obch\u00e1zet z\u00e1kazn\u00edky. Zdej\u0161\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9 se v\u011bt\u0161inou \u017eivili v\u00fdrobou p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f z loubk\u016f, tedy n\u016f\u0161\u00ed a ko\u0161\u016f. <\/span><\/p>\n

Samotn\u00e9 \u0161t\u00edp\u00e1n\u00ed loubk\u016f je v\u00fdhradn\u011b ru\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, kdy \u0159emesln\u00edk pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pouze ostr\u00fd n\u016f\u017e. Vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1 si p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u0161irok\u00e9 kmeny bez v\u011btv\u00ed,s hladkou k\u016frou. U takov\u00fdch lze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee maj\u00ed tenk\u00e1 a hust\u00e1 l\u00e9ta, z nich\u017e lze \u0161t\u00edpat \u00fazk\u00e9 a ohebn\u00e9 loubky. Stromy se nav\u00edc mus\u00ed k\u00e1cet v zim\u011b, proto\u017ee na ja\u0159e nebo v l\u00e9t\u011b zp\u016fsobuje m\u00edza modr\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159eviny. Vybran\u00fd strom se pok\u00e1c\u00eda roz\u0159e\u017ee na \u0161palky. Doma se pak jednotliv\u00e9 “kl\u00e1ty” roz\u0161t\u00edpou na poloviny, \u010dtvrtiny a osminy, z nich\u017e se odstran\u00ed j\u00e1dro. P\u0159ipraven\u00e1 surovina se skladuje v sudech s vodou. Loubky se \u0161t\u00edpou po jednotliv\u00fdch l\u00e9tech, kter\u00e1 se pomoc\u00ed no\u017ee na\u0159\u00edznou a plynul\u00fdm tahem se odd\u011bl\u00ed “proutek”. <\/span><\/p>\n

Z m\u00e9n\u011b vhodn\u00e9ho d\u0159eva, je\u017e m\u00e1 \u0159\u00eddk\u00e1 l\u00e9ta nebo suky, se p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed “\u0161lajsky”, z nich\u017e se p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed “\u017eebry”, tvo\u0159\u00edc\u00ed kostru ko\u0161\u016f.Loubky se d\u011blaj\u00ed do z\u00e1soby a uchov\u00e1vaj\u00ed se sto\u010den\u00e9 do smy\u010dky. P\u0159ed pou\u017eit\u00edm se vlh\u010d\u00ed vodou, aby se p\u0159i pleten\u00ed nel\u00e1maly Obyvatel\u00e9 \u0160umavy prosluli v\u00fdrobou ko\u0161\u00edk\u016f a n\u016f\u0161\u00ed. Sv\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky nosili na trhy v\u0161ech m\u011bst a m\u011bste\u010dek horn\u00edho Pootav\u00ed. “Nepla\u010d, m\u00e1 mil\u00e1, nejsi tu sama, jsou tu n\u016f\u0161ka\u0159i ze \u0160imanova” – zp\u00edvalo se v plaveck\u00e9 p\u00edsni.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1lov\u0161t\u00ed sedl\u00e1ci m\u011bli tu v\u00fdsadu, \u017ee mohli voln\u011b p\u00e1st dobytek v les\u00edch. Ale kdy\u017e p\u0159i\u0161li Schwarzenbergov\u00e9, vadilo jim, \u017ee jim dobytek d\u011bl\u00e1 \u0161kody na porostu. A tak po\u0159\u00e1d to vyhrazen\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed zmen\u0161ovali, dokud nevznikla \u00famluva, \u017ee si sedl\u00e1ci sm\u00ed z lesa odn\u00e9st ur\u010dit\u00fd po\u010det n\u016f\u0161\u00ed tr\u00e1vy na dobyt\u010de. Ale \u0159ekn\u011bte \u0161umavsk\u00e9mu sedl\u00e1kovi: M\u016f\u017ee\u0161 si vz\u00edt n\u016f\u0161i\u2026 Pam\u011btnice vzpom\u00ednala, \u017ee kdy\u017e \u017eeny r\u00e1no z lesa odch\u00e1zely, v\u00e1\u017eily jejich n\u016f\u0161e i p\u0159es 70 kg a \u0161ly s nimi pak i n\u011bkolik kilometr\u016f. M\u011bly na to vypracovan\u00fd zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Rozhoup\u00e1valy n\u016f\u0161i nahoru dolu a v\u017edycky, kdy\u017e se n\u016f\u0161e zhoupla, ud\u011blaly krok. Jako kdy\u017e se rajtuje na koni. A kdy\u017e ji doma slo\u017eily, vyrazily odpoledne na tr\u00e1vu znovu\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n


\nZdroj: Historie \u0160umavy a Po\u0161umav\u00ed<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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