{"id":116952,"date":"2020-12-05T21:05:44","date_gmt":"2020-12-05T20:05:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=116952"},"modified":"2020-12-06T14:12:52","modified_gmt":"2020-12-06T13:12:52","slug":"stara-sumava-zapomenuty-svatek-svateho-ambroze","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=116952","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Zapomenut\u00fd sv\u00e1tek svat\u00e9ho Ambro\u017ee"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Adventn\u00ed obdob\u00ed je nejtemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010das roku, kdy slunce moc nevid\u00edme, proto se \u0159\u00edkalo, \u017ee je to \u010das bludi\u010dek a sk\u0159\u00edtk\u016f. Dlouh\u00e9, prosincov\u00e9 noci m\u011bly pro lidi v\u017edycky magick\u00fd n\u00e1dech. Proto to b\u00fdvala doba nadp\u0159irozen\u00fdch bytost\u00ed a jev\u016f. I to je d\u016fvod, pro\u010d se pr\u00e1v\u011b v tomto obdob\u00ed ust\u00e1lilo tolik tradic, pov\u011br a zvyk\u016f.<\/h6>\n

Prosinec prov\u00e1z\u00ed mnohem v\u00edce tradic a zvyk\u016f. Zapome\u0148te na chv\u00edli na p\u0159edv\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed shon a objevte s n\u00e1mi kouzlo skoro zapomenut\u00fdch tradic adventu. Najednou se vyno\u0159uj\u00ed v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 byly d\u00e1vno zapomenuty, jako t\u0159eba n\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00e1\u017eitky z d\u011btstv\u00ed, nebo z ml\u00e1d\u00ed. Vzpom\u00ednky se pomalu vyno\u0159uj\u00ed jedna za druhou a navazuj\u00ed na sebe. D\u0159\u00edve b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 postavy v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch sv\u00e1tk\u016f se n\u00e1m dnes u\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 vytratily \u2013 poj\u010fme si je p\u0159ipomenout.<\/p>\n

V\u00e1noce dnes m\u00e1me \u010dasto spojen\u00e9 se sp\u011bchem a vn\u00edm\u00e1me je jinak ne\u017e na\u0161i p\u0159edci. Je to sice \u0161koda, ale nen\u00ed na tom vylo\u017een\u011b nic \u0161patn\u00e9ho. Zkr\u00e1tka si jen sv\u00e1tky d\u011bl\u00e1me podle sebe a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00edme si vlastn\u00ed ritu\u00e1ly, ke kter\u00fdm m\u00e1me v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vztah.<\/p>\n

Velmi star\u00fdm zvykem, vymizel\u00fdm po\u010d\u00e1tkem na\u0161eho stolet\u00ed, bylo hon\u011bn\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed Ambro\u017eem kolem kostela V minul\u00fdch stalet\u00edch byla adventn\u00ed doba pln\u00e1 magick\u00fdch postav, z nich\u017e se do sou\u010dasnosti dochoval jen sv. Mikul\u00e1\u0161. Dost mo\u017en\u00e1 si lid\u00e9 bezm\u00e1la ka\u017edodenn\u00ed pr\u016fvody \u0161t\u011bdr\u00fdch sv\u011btc\u016f postupn\u011b slou\u010dili v jedinou tradici svatomikul\u00e1\u0161skou: b\u00edl\u00e1 Barbora a \u010dern\u00fd Ambro\u017e se v n\u00ed prom\u011bnili v and\u011bla a pekeln\u00edka z Mikul\u00e1\u0161ova doprovodu.<\/p>\n

Pon\u011bkud zapomenut\u00fdm sv\u011btcem po\u010d\u00e1tku Adventu je Ambro\u017e, p\u016fvodem N\u011bmec a nakonec mil\u00e1nsk\u00fd soudce, c\u00edrkevn\u00ed hodnost\u00e1\u0159 a u\u010denec, jinak ov\u0161em patron hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at a tak\u00e9 v\u010dela\u0159\u016f. I on rozd\u00e1val d\u00e1rky, hlavn\u011b sladkosti \u2013 b\u016fh v\u00ed pro\u010d chodil v \u010dern\u00e9m a p\u0159es tv\u00e1\u0159 m\u011bl \u010dernou rou\u0161ku.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdznam a zvyky sv\u00e1zan\u00e9 se svat\u00fdm Ambro\u017eem si ji\u017e pamatuje m\u00e1lokdo, dnes na tuto osobu vzpom\u00edn\u00e1 prakticky jen c\u00edrkev. Den v\u011bnovan\u00fd jeho pam\u00e1tce p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 7. prosinec a jm\u00e9no Ambro\u017e je \u0159eck\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu odvozeno ze slova ambrosiao, neboli bo\u017esk\u00fd \u010di nesmrteln\u00fd. P\u0159ezd\u00edvan\u00fd je t\u00e9\u017e jako u\u010ditel c\u00edrkve. K jeho znak\u016fm pat\u0159\u00ed hus\u00ed brk, jeliko\u017e mnoho psal, a v\u010dely, je\u017e jsou s n\u00edm spojov\u00e1ny na z\u00e1klad\u011b legendy, kter\u00e1 hovo\u0159\u00ed o tom, \u017ee kdy\u017e byl sv. Ambro\u017e je\u0161t\u011b mal\u00fd chlapec, obklopil jej v\u010del\u00ed roj. Av\u0161ak v\u010dely, nam\u00edsto aby jej pobodaly, jej krmily do \u00fast medem. Tato legenda p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1 jeho budouc\u00ed sl\u00e1vu a bl\u00edzkost k c\u00edrkvi.<\/p>\n

Tradice na den svat\u00e9ho Ambro\u017ee je jen jedna a vyskytovala se u n\u00e1s pouze na n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech, v sou\u010dasnosti se v\u0161ak jedn\u00e1 ji\u017e o zapomenut\u00fd oby\u010dej. Kdy\u017e se schylovalo k ve\u010deru a za\u010dalo se stm\u00edvat, d\u011bti se sch\u00e1zely za kostelem a vyhl\u00ed\u017eely p\u0159\u00edchod sv. Ambro\u017ee. Po jeho p\u0159\u00edchodu na n\u011bj pok\u0159ikovaly a provokovaly ho. Ten je n\u00e1sledn\u011b honil a cht\u011bl vytrestat, p\u0159itom postupn\u011b upou\u0161t\u011bl sladkosti, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavovaly n\u00e1vnadu. D\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e9 je cht\u011blo sebrat, muselo o\u010dek\u00e1vat r\u00e1nu ko\u0161t\u011btem nebo b\u00fdt nadm\u00edru obratn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Tento zvyk p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 trochu metodu cukru a bi\u010de. Kost\u00fdm sv. Ambro\u017ee spo\u010d\u00edval v b\u00edl\u00e9 ko\u0161ili, \u010dern\u00e9 \u0161pi\u010dat\u00e9 \u010depici se z\u00e1vojem zakr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed obli\u010dej, d\u00e1le v rukou nesl ko\u0161t\u011b polepen\u00e9 pap\u00edrem a s\u00e1\u010dek s cukrovinkami. Sv\u00e1tek svat\u00e9ho Ambro\u017ee, patrona v\u010dela\u0159\u016f je 7. prosince a to je den, kdy podle star\u00e9 tradice nen\u00ed dovolena \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce souvisej\u00edc\u00ed se v\u010delami, povoluje se pouze v\u010dela\u0159sk\u00e9 besedov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i pop\u00edjen\u00ed medoviny.<\/p>\n

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Zdroj V\u010dela\u0159stv\u00ed, Zvyk popsal prof. K. Rozum v roce 1910 v \u010dasopise \u010cesk\u00fd lid<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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