![\"\"](\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/12\/stara-sumava-po-martinovi.jpg\")
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U\u017e v 16. stolet\u00ed se objevily prvn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed z\u00e1kazy po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00fdch dra\u010dek, a to pod pohr\u016f\u017eku pokuty nebo t\u011blesn\u00e9ho trestu: \u201eDopustil-li by se kdo toho, den a noc v kl\u00e1d\u011b sed\u011bti m\u00e1\u2026\u201c. Existovaly p\u0159edpisy ur\u010den\u00e9 rycht\u00e1\u0159\u016fm, kter\u00e9 vymezovaly, jak zabr\u00e1nit nezbednostem a nemravnostem p\u0159i spole\u010dn\u00e9m sezen\u00ed. V\u00fdsledkem bylo, \u017ee se nekonalo alespo\u0148 ve dnech c\u00edrkevn\u00edch sv\u00e1tk\u016f a v dob\u011b p\u016fstu.<\/p>\n
P\u0159\u00e1stky byly obl\u00edben\u00fdm m\u00edstem sch\u016fzek svobodn\u00fdch d\u00edvek a chlapc\u016f nebo za \u017eenami doch\u00e1zeli jejich mu\u017ei. Zde se nejen sd\u011blovaly ud\u00e1losti ve vsi, ale vypr\u00e1v\u011bly poh\u00e1dky, pov\u011bsti, p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy a zp\u00edvalo se. Nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed bylo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o nadp\u0159irozen\u00fdch bytostech, tam p\u0159i\u0161li na sv\u011bt v\u0161elijac\u00ed vodn\u00edci a v\u00edly \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v rybn\u00edc\u00edch a lesn\u00ed \u017e\u00ednky, kter\u00e9 bydlely v lese spole\u010dn\u011b s lesn\u00edm mu\u017eem a hejkalem.<\/p>\n
Hrdiny poh\u00e1dek b\u00fdvali \u010dasto prost\u00ed lid\u00e9. Ti svoj\u00ed chytrost\u00ed, \u0161ikovnost\u00ed nebo laskavost\u00ed p\u0159emohli zlo, kter\u00e9 se jim postavilo do cesty a b\u00fdvali odm\u011bn\u011bni. Tak mal\u00fd sedl\u00e1k na\u0161el hrnec duk\u00e1t\u016f, Hloup\u00fd Honza p\u0159emohl draka a dostal princeznu a p\u016fl kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed a hodn\u00e1, pracovit\u00e1, ale chud\u00e1 d\u011bve\u010dka se provdala za prince. Obl\u00edbenou postavou b\u00fdval \u010dert. Byli v\u011bt\u0161inou hloup\u00ed, koktav\u00ed nebo popletov\u00e9. Takov\u00fdch se nikdo moc neb\u00e1l. Jin\u00fd byl ale s\u00e1m Lucifer, vl\u00e1dce pekla. Ten b\u00fdval stra\u0161liv\u00fd. N\u011bkdy p\u0159i\u0161el na zem a vyhl\u00e9dl si n\u011bjak\u00e9 zl\u00e9, lakom\u00e9 a h\u00e1dav\u00e9 d\u011bv\u010de za nev\u011bstu. Ta pak musela v\u0161em \u010dert\u016fm v pekle slou\u017eit.<\/p>\n
V poh\u00e1dk\u00e1ch se objevuj\u00ed i vyslou\u017eil\u00ed voj\u00e1ci. T\u011bch bylo dost i ve skute\u010dnosti, proto\u017ee vojna byla po\u0159\u00e1d n\u011bkde. Po dlouh\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b, kter\u00e1 trvala taky sedm a\u017e jeden\u00e1ct let, skon\u010dili t\u0159eba s d\u0159ev\u011bnou nohou a tak si opat\u0159ili fla\u0161inet, obch\u00e1zeli vesnice a \u017eebrali. Tak star\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ed\u00e1valy mlad\u0161\u00edm b\u00e1chorky a pov\u011bsti, p\u00edsni\u010dky a zvyky. P\u0159\u00e1stky p\u0159isp\u00edvaly k zachov\u00e1n\u00ed lidov\u00e9 tradice a jazyka…<\/p>\n
Lid\u00e9 si cht\u011bli po roce t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce odpo\u010dinout a pobavit se. Na rozd\u00edl od l\u00e9ta nemuseli vst\u00e1vat s rozb\u0159eskem a mohli se veselit hluboko do noci, hostiny, tancova\u010dky a tradi\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1stky se n\u011bkdy prot\u00e1hly a\u017e do r\u00e1na. Platilo po\u0159ekadlo: \u201e Do Martina dere, po Martinu p\u0159ede\u201c, co\u017e znamenalo, \u017ee po Martinu mus\u00ed b\u00fdt pe\u0159\u00ed sedr\u00e1no a nast\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010das p\u0159eden\u00ed, nebo-li p\u0159\u00e1stky.<\/p>\n
Tam, kde se nep\u0159edlo, prob\u00edhaly dra\u010dky po celou zimu. P\u0159\u00e1stky byly po \u0159adu stolet\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm fenom\u00e9nem venkova. P\u0159\u00e1stek nenav\u0161t\u011bvovaly v\u0161ak jen \u017eeny svobodn\u00e9, n\u00fdbr\u017e i vdan\u00e9 a vdovy, jedny, aby poskytly sv\u00e9 dce\u0159i p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost naj\u00edt hocha a snad i \u017eenicha, jin\u00e9 v\u0161ak a mnoh\u00e9, aby se stejn\u011b pobavily jako mladice. To dokazuj\u00ed v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 \u017ealoby man\u017eel\u016f na to, \u017ee jejich \u017eeny chod\u00ed \u010dasto na p\u0159\u00e1stky. Na mnoha m\u00edstech kon\u010dila sch\u016fzka rozpustil\u00fdm tancem, k n\u011bmu\u017e chlapci p\u0159ivedli muzikanty. Tu podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed chlapci a stejn\u011b rozdov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 \u017eeny teprve \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b k sob\u011b navz\u00e1jem se tiskli a hmatem milost si projevovali.<\/p>\n
Na\u0161i p\u0159edkov\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e1tk\u016f a zvyk\u016f je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro pospolitost v rodin\u00e1ch \u010di vesnic\u00edch. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee dnes n\u00e1m toto v\u011bdom\u00ed \u010dasto chyb\u00ed. Sej\u00edt se, ud\u011blat si \u010das jeden na druh\u00e9ho, pov\u00eddat si. A tak v\u00e1m p\u0159eji, abyste si dovolili zpomalit a o prodlu\u017euj\u00edc\u00edch se podzimn\u00edch ve\u010derech si se sv\u00fdmi mil\u00fdmi sedli kolem stolu, zap\u00e1lili sv\u00ed\u010dky a \u0159ekli si i o tom, o \u010dem byste v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m neust\u00e1l\u00e9m chvatu nejsp\u00ed\u0161 ml\u010deli.<\/p>\n
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Ve\u010dern\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1stky<\/strong> Zp\u00edv\u00e1 o mrtv\u00e9 ze ml\u00fdna,<\/em> Je n\u00e1m v kraj poh\u00e1dek se br\u00e1t,<\/em> Citera drnk\u00e1, p\u00edse\u0148 zn\u00ed<\/em> <\/p>\n Zdroj: <\/strong>Adolf Heyduk (Poetick\u00e9 besedy, red. Jan Neruda, \u010d. XVIII) Emerenz Meierov\u00e1: Der Bayerwald, 1993, \u010d. 4, s. 10<\/p>\n P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Mysl\u00edte, <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":291020,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/11\/ram-vsedni-zivot.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114849"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=114849"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114849\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":291019,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114849\/revisions\/291019"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/291020"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=114849"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=114849"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=114849"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n Je teplo doma a lou\u010d pl\u00e1,<\/em>
\n a\u0165 kolovr\u00e1tek p\u0159ede!<\/em>
\n K p\u00edsni\u010dce na citeru hr\u00e1t<\/em>
\n i klou\u010de u n\u00e1s svede.<\/em><\/p>\n
\n o princi, jen\u017e ji zradil,<\/em>
\n o pa\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00edch na planin\u00e1ch<\/em>
\n a o korunce had\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n
\n jak v\u0159et\u00e1nko se vrt\u00ed<\/em>
\n a p\u0159ede, p\u0159ede v\u00edl\u00ed \u0161at<\/em>
\n d\u00edvk\u00e1m, co sn\u00ed a\u017e k smrti.<\/em><\/p>\n
\n a c\u00edtit je v n\u00ed n\u011bhu,<\/em>
\n venku v\u0161ak bou\u0159\u00ed, severn\u00ed<\/em>
\n les \u0161um\u00ed, pln\u00fd sn\u011bhu.<\/em><\/p>\n
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