{"id":114773,"date":"2025-11-09T13:13:02","date_gmt":"2025-11-09T12:13:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=114773"},"modified":"2025-11-11T13:55:43","modified_gmt":"2025-11-11T12:55:43","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-ve-znameni-svateho-martina","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=114773","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: Ve znamen\u00ed svat\u00e9ho Martina"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 podzimn\u00ed tradice na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f se bohu\u017eel \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b nebo \u00fapln\u011b vytr\u00e1cej\u00ed. Proto je velmi u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 si je p\u0159ipom\u00ednat,\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b sna\u017eit se alespo\u0148 n\u011bjak\u00e9 ty st\u0159\u00edpky zachr\u00e1nit.<\/span><\/h6>\n

Sv\u00e1tek svat\u00e9ho Martina byl d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm dnem v \u017eivot\u011b \u010deledn\u00edk\u016f a d\u011bve\u010dek, nebo\u0165 zpravidla v tento den v\u011bt\u0161ina z nich m\u011bnila slu\u017ebu a dost\u00e1vala za svou pr\u00e1ci mzdu. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed smlouvu s hospod\u00e1\u0159em prodlou\u017eili a ti ostatn\u00ed odch\u00e1zeli za lep\u0161\u00ed slu\u017ebou. Obce si sjedn\u00e1valy obecn\u00edho past\u00fd\u0159e, ponocn\u00e9ho, kov\u00e1\u0159e, hajn\u00e9ho. Takov\u00fd odchod ze slu\u017eby spojen\u00fd s obdr\u017een\u00edm pen\u011bz b\u00fdval d\u016fvodem k po\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 oslav\u011b. Mnoz\u00ed tak propili a projedli svou celoro\u010dn\u00ed mzdu b\u011bhem jednoho dne bez ohledu na to, zda ji\u017e m\u011bl zaji\u0161t\u011bno nov\u00e9 m\u00edsto nebo ne. S oslavou byl spojen nadm\u011brn\u00fd hluk a n\u00e1sledovn\u011b i \u0159\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed \u010deledi.Chlapci s velk\u00fdm kravsk\u00fdm zvoncem zav\u011b\u0161en\u00fdm na krku chod\u00ed na den svat\u00e9ho Martina d\u016fm od domu a pr\u00e1skaj\u00ed bi\u010dem, a\u017e u\u0161i zal\u00e9haj\u00ed. Drmol\u00ed p\u0159itom jakousi \u0159\u00edkanku, dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed odm\u011bnou pen\u00edze a sladkosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

V listopadu vrchol\u00ed ponur\u00e9 dny, jen co odezn\u00ed du\u0161i\u010dkov\u00fd \u010das, za\u010dne se je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce prohlubovat, tich\u00e9 rozj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody. P\u0159\u00edrodu u\u017e jen ob\u010das zalije sv\u00fdm sv\u011btlem laskav\u00e9 podzimn\u00ed slunce, kter\u00e9ho ub\u00fdv\u00e1, aby se p\u0159\u00edroda mohla ulo\u017eit ke sp\u00e1nku. S vnit\u0159n\u00edm klidem p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00edme nad ot\u00e1zkami rychle ut\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00edho ml\u00e1d\u00ed a na\u0161e du\u0161e se podivuje nad chaosem n\u011bkdy vesel\u00fdch a jindy temn\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek, hon\u00edc\u00edch se n\u00e1m hlavou. Je to za\u010d\u00e1tek chladn\u00e9ho zimn\u00edho \u010dasu – na svat\u00e9ho Martina kou\u0159\u00edv\u00e1 se z kom\u00edna – z\u00e1v\u011br zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho roku a konec sklizn\u011b. Lid\u00e9 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161eli v pr\u016fvodu desetinu sv\u00e9 \u00farody, obil\u00ed, ovoce, dobytek i dr\u016fbe\u017e ke zdan\u011bn\u00ed. Sv\u011btla venku ub\u00fdv\u00e1. Vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edze\u0148 po\u010das\u00ed n\u00e1s zah\u00e1n\u00ed do tepla domov\u016f. Pobyt uvnit\u0159 n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje hledat cestu k druh\u00fdm lidem i k sob\u011b sam\u00fdm. <\/span><\/p>\n

Sv\u00e1tek sv. Martina je spojen s v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm lidsk\u00fdm gestem \u2013 soucitem, laskavost\u00ed a schopnost\u00ed se d\u011blit. Tento motiv \u201elidsk\u00e9ho tepla\u201c ne n\u00e1hodou vystupuje do pop\u0159ed\u00ed v nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm obdob\u00ed chladn\u00e9 zimy. Kr\u00e1sn\u011b je to vyj\u00e1d\u0159eno v oby\u010deji \u201ech\u016fze s lucernou\u201c \u2013 no\u0161en\u00ed sv\u011btla temnotou. Sv\u011btla venku sice ub\u00fdv\u00e1, ale sv\u011btlo v na\u0161em nitru mus\u00ed b\u00fdt st\u00e1le posilov\u00e1no. V\u00edra lidem pom\u00e1hala p\u0159eklenout d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 okam\u017eiky b\u011bhem roku a to nejen v hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b. \u010casto se obraceli o pomoc \u010di pod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00ed ke sv\u011btc\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli pomoci p\u0159i ochran\u011b p\u0159ed nemoc\u00ed, \u010di \u017eivelnou katastrofou.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u016fvod spojitosti mezi svat\u00fdm Martinem a husou m\u016f\u017eeme nal\u00e9zt ve dvou legend\u00e1ch. Ta prv\u00e1 prav\u00ed, \u017ee husy svat\u00e9ho Martina p\u0159i k\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed tolik ru\u0161ily, \u017ee nyn\u00ed pykaj\u00ed na svatomartinsk\u00e9m pek\u00e1\u010di. Druh\u00e1 legenda prav\u00ed, \u017ee se svat\u00fd Martin p\u0159ed svou volbou biskupem ze skromnosti skr\u00fdval v husn\u00edku, ale husy ho sv\u00fdm kd\u00e1k\u00e1n\u00edm prozradily. A\u0165 u\u017e to bylo tak, onak nebo \u00fapln\u011b jinak je jedno. Ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b husa pat\u0159ila j nejhlavn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pokrm\u016fm. Rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed jej\u00edho masa m\u011blo ur\u010den\u00e9 po\u0159ad\u00ed. Nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed sluha dost\u00e1val k\u0159\u00eddlo, aby pr\u00fd p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci l\u00edtal, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed sluha stehno, hospod\u00e1\u0159 s\u00e1m si nech\u00e1val zbytek. K\u016f\u017ee z hus\u00edch nohou se d\u00e1vala do st\u0159ev\u00edc\u016f pod nohy, aby se nepotily nebo mezi prsty, aby nerostla ku\u0159\u00ed oka. <\/span><\/p>\n

A hned po svat\u00e9m Martinovi za\u010d\u00ednaly p\u0159\u00e1stky. P\u0159edlo se po celou zimu a\u017e do masopustu. P\u0159\u00e1stek z\u00fa\u010dast\u0148ovali i chlapci, zajist\u00e9 nikoli aby p\u0159edli \u2013 ale pochopiteln\u011b kv\u016fli d\u00edvk\u00e1m. Pov\u00eddali si s nimi, namlouvali si je, d\u00e1vali si s nimi dostaven\u00ed\u010dka. A tady pr\u00e1v\u011b zdvihali mravok\u00e1rci varovn\u011b prst a h\u0159\u00edmali, \u017ee p\u0159\u00e1stky jsou semeni\u0161t\u011bm h\u0159\u00edchu. Nikdy se je v\u0161ak zak\u00e1zat nepoda\u0159ilo a na \u010desk\u00e9m venkov\u011b se udr\u017eely a\u017e do za\u010d\u00e1tku minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, kdy tato tis\u00edcilet\u00e1 tradice postupn\u011b vymizela\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

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P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  Kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":361159,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/08\/ram-ve-znameni.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114773"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=114773"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114773\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":361160,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114773\/revisions\/361160"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/361159"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=114773"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=114773"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=114773"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}